共享经济的服务提供商：谁加入，谁受益？
Service Providers of the Sharing Economy: Who Joins and Who Benefits?
摘要：
许多“共享经济”平台，如Uber和Airbnb，越来越受欢迎，为消费者提供了更多选择，为供应商提供了盈利的机会。然而，它们也带来了有关监管、税收义务和对城市环境影响的新问题，并引起了各种利益集团的激烈辩论。关于这些问题的实证研究有限，部分原因是缺乏相关数据。在这里，我们的目标是了解共享经济的服务提供商，调查谁加入，谁受益，使用美国的Airbnb市场作为案例研究。我们将18.8万房东拥有的21.1万多个Airbnb房源与人口统计、社会经济地位（SES）、住房和旅游特征联系起来。我们发现，收入和教育一直是与加入Airbnb相关的两个最具影响力的因素，无论参与形式或年份如何。家庭收入中位数较低的地区，或拥有学士或更高学位的居民比例较高的地区，往往有更多的房东。然而，当考虑到上市的表现时，以新收到的评论数量来衡量，我们发现收入对整个房屋上市有积极的影响;位于家庭收入中位数较高的地区的上市往往有更多的新评论。我们的研究结果实证表明，在共享经济中，SES弱势地区的劣势和SES弱势地区的优势可能存在。
英文摘要：
Many "sharing economy" platforms, such as Uber and Airbnb, have become increasingly popular, providing consumers with more choices and suppliers a chance to make profit. They, however, have also brought about emerging issues regarding regulation, tax obligation, and impact on urban environment, and have generated heated debates from various interest groups. Empirical studies regarding these issues are limited, partly due to the unavailability of relevant data. Here we aim to understand service providers of the sharing economy, investigating who joins and who benefits, using the Airbnb market in the United States as a case study. We link more than 211 thousand Airbnb listings owned by 188 thousand hosts with demographic, socio-economic status (SES), housing, and tourism characteristics. We show that income and education are consistently the two most influential factors that are linked to the joining of Airbnb, regardless of the form of participation or year. Areas with lower median household income, or higher fraction of residents who have Bachelor's and higher degrees, tend to have more hosts. However, when considering the performance of listings, as measured by number of newly received reviews, we find that income has a positive effect for entire-home listings; listings located in areas with higher median household income tend to have more new reviews. Our findings demonstrate empirically that the disadvantage of SES-disadvantaged areas and the advantage of SES-advantaged areas may be present in the sharing economy.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
