Remarks on the derivation of Gross-Pitaevskii equation with magnetic Laplacian
Alessandro Olgiati
发表信息:
Published in Advances in Quantum Mechanics, G. Dell' Antonio and A. Michelangeli, eds., vol. 18 of INdAM-Springer series, Springer International Publishing. pp. 257-266 (2017)
The effective dynamics for a Bose-Einstein condensate in the regime of high dilution and subject to an external magnetic field is governed by a magnetic Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We elucidate the steps needed to adapt to the magnetic case the proof of the derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation within the "projection counting" scheme.
The paper is concerned with the existence and blow-up behavior of the minimizers for the 2D attractive Gross-Pitaevskii functional when the interaction strength increases to a critical value. Our results hold for all bounded external potential satisfying some general assumptions.
We consider systems of bosons trapped in a box, in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime. We show that low-energy states exhibit complete Bose-Einstein condensation with an optimal bound on the number of orthogonal excitations. This extends recent results obtained in \cite{BBCS1}, removing the assumption of small interaction potential.
We consider a gas of interacting bosons trapped in a box of side length one in the Gross-Pitaevskii limit. We review the proof of the validity of Bogoliubov's prediction for the ground state energy and the low-energy excitation spectrum. This note is based on joint work with C. Brennecke, S. Cenatiempo and B. Schlein.
We present a microscopic derivation of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation starting from an interacting N-particle system of Bosons. We prove convergence of the reduced density matrix corresponding to the exact time evolution to the projector onto the solution of the respective Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our work extends a previous result by one of us (P.P.[44]) to interaction potentials which need not to be nonnegative, but may have a sufficiently small negative part. One key estimate in our proof is an operator inequality which was first proven by Jun Yin, see [49].
We study the time-evolution of initially trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime. Under a physically motivated assumption on the energy of the initial data, we show that condensation is preserved by the many-body evolution and that the dynamics of the condensate wave function can be described by the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. With respect to previous works, we provide optimal bounds on the rate of condensation (i.e. on the number of excitations of the Bose-Einstein condensate). To reach this goal, we combine the method of \cite{LNS}, where fluctuations a…
Quasi-periodic solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a periodic potential in dimension three are studied. It is proven that there is an extensive "non-resonant" set ${\mathcal G} \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ such that for every $\vec k\in \mathcal G$ there is a solution asymptotically close to a plane wave $Ae^{i\langle{ \vec{k}, \vec{x} }\rangle}$ as $|\vec k|\to \infty $, given $A$ is sufficiently small.
In this paper, we revise the derivation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation from the Heisenberg spin chain stressing physical aspects and all technicalities.
We show that Bogoliubov theory correctly predicts the low-energy spectral properties of Bose gases in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime. We recover recent results from \cite{BBCS,BBCS4}. While our main strategy is similar to the one developed in \cite{BBCS,BBCS4}, we combine it with new ideas, taken in part from \cite{Hainzl,NT}; this makes our proof substantially simpler and shorter. As an important step towards the proof of Bogoliubov theory, we show that low-energy states exhibit complete Bose-Einstein condensation with optimal control on the number of orthogonal excitations.
Quasi-periodic solutions of a nonlinear polyharmonic equation for the case $4l>n+1$ in $\R^n$, $n>1$, are studied. This includes Gross-Pitaevskii equation in dimension two ($l=1,n=2$). It is proven that there is an extensive "non-resonant" set ${\mathcal G}\subset \R^n$ such that for every $\vec k\in \mathcal G$ there is a solution asymptotically close to a plane wave $Ae^{i\langle{ \vec{k}, \vec{x} }\rangle}$ as $|\vec k|\to \infty $, given $A$ is sufficiently small.
We review some rigorous estimates for the ground state energy of dilute Bose gases. We start with Dyson's upper bound, which provides the correct leading order asymptotics for hard spheres. Afterwards, we discuss a rigorous version of Bogoliubov theory, which recently led to an estimate for the ground state energy in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime, valid up to second order, for particles interacting through integrable potentials. Finally, we explain how these ideas can be combined to establish a new upper bound, valid to second order, for the energy of hard spheres in the Gross-Pitaeavskii limit.…
We consider N bosons in a box with volume one, interacting through a two-body potential with scattering length of the order $N^{-1+κ}$, for $κ>0$. Assuming that $κ\in (0;1/43)$, we show that low-energy states of the system exhibit complete Bose-Einstein condensation by providing explicit bounds on the expectation and on higher moments of the number of excitations.
Bäcklund transformations are applied to study the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Supported by previous results, a class of Bäcklund transformations admitted by this equation are constructed. Schwartzian derivative as well as its invariance properties turn out to represent a key tool in the present investigation. Examples and explicit solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation are obtained.
We consider systems of $N$ bosons in $\mathbb{R}^3$, trapped by an external potential. The interaction is repulsive and has a scattering length of the order $N^{-1}$ (Gross-Pitaevskii regime). We determine the ground state energy and the low-energy excitation spectrum up to errors that vanish in the limit $N\to \infty$.
We review some mathematical work on the Bose gas in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime. We start with the classical results by Lieb, Seiringer and Yngvason on the ground state energy and by Lieb and Seiringer on the existence of Bose-Einstein condensation. Afterwards, we discuss some more recent progress, based on a rigorous version of Bogoliubov theory.
We consider Bose gases consisting of $N$ particles trapped in a box with volume one and interacting through a repulsive potential with scattering length of the order $N^{-1}$(Gross-Pitaevskii regime). We determine the ground state energy and the low-energy excitation spectrum, up to errors vanishing as $N \to \infty$. Our results confirm Bogoliubov's predictions.
We consider Bose gases of $N$ particles in a box of volume one, interacting through a repulsive potential with scattering length of order $N^{1-κ}$, for $κ> 0$. Such regimes interpolate between the Gross-Pitaevskii and thermodynamic limits. Assuming that $κ$ is sufficiently small, we determine the ground state energy and the low-energy excitation spectrum of the system, up to errors vanishing in the limit of large $N$.
Solutions of the classical and nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation with a parabolic potential and a gain term are derived by using a second order nonisospectral Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur system and reduction technique of double Wronskians. Solutions of the classical GP equation show typical space-time localized characteristics. An interesting dynamics, solitons carrying an oscillating wave, are found with mathematical analysis and illustrations. Solutions of some nonlocal cases are also illustrated.
We consider the (de)focusing cubic Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) hierarchy on $\mathbb{R}$, which is an infinite hierarchy of coupled linear inhomogeneous PDE which appears in the derivation of the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation from quantum many-particle systems. Motivated by the fact that the cubic NLS on $\mathbb{R}$ is an integrable equation which admits infinitely many conserved quantities, we exhibit an infinite sequence of operators which generate analogous conserved quantities for the GP hierarchy.
We consider a gas of $N$ bosons in a box with volume one interacting through a two-body potential with scattering length of order $N^{-1}$ (Gross-Pitaevskii limit). Assuming the (unscaled) potential to be sufficiently small, we show that the ground state of the system and all states with relatively small excitation energy exhibit complete Bose-Einstein condensation, with a uniform (i.e. $N$ independent) bound on the number of excitations.
We study a dilute gas of interacting fermions at temperature $T=0$ and chemical potential $μ\in \mathbb{R}$. The particles are trapped by an external potential, and they interact via a microscopic attractive two-body potential with a two-body bound state. We prove the emergence of the macroscopic Gross-Pitaevskii theory as first-order contribution to the BCS energy functional in the regime of vanishing micro-to-macro scale parameter.
We consider systems of N bosons trapped on the two-dimensional unit torus, in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime, where the scattering length of the repulsive interaction is exponentially small in the number of particles. We show that low-energy states exhibit complete Bose-Einstein condensation, with almost optimal bounds on the number of orthogonal excitations.
We study the Bose-Einstein condensates of trapped Bose gases in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime. We show that the ground state energy and ground states of the many-body quantum system are correctly described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the large particle number limit, and provide the optimal convergence rate. Our work extends the previous results of Lieb, Seiringer and Yngvason on the leading order convergence, and of Boccato, Brennecke, Cenatiempo and Schlein on the homogeneous gas. Our method relies on the idea of 'completing the square', inspired by recent works of Brietzke, Fournais an…
This article consists of two parts. In the first part, we review the most recent proofs establishing quadratic Morawetz inequalities for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS). We also describe the applications of these estimates to the problem of quantum scattering. In the second part, we generalize some of the methods developed for the NLS by many authors to the case of Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) hierarchies. In particular, we prove both regular and interaction Morawetz identities for the GP hierarchy, which appear here for the first time in the literature.