Felix Finster, Moritz Reintjes
We show that and specify how space-time symmetries give rise to corresponding symmetries of the fermionic signature operator and generalized fermionic projector states.
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The fermionic signature operator is constructed in Rindler space-time. It is shown to be an unbounded self-adjoint operator on the Hilbert space of solutions of the massive Dirac equation. In two-dimensional Rindler space-time, we prove that the resulting fermionic projector state coincides with the Fulling-Rindler vacuum. Moreover, the fermionic signature operator gives a covariant construction of general thermal states, in particular of the Unruh state. The fermionic signature operator is shown to be well-defined in asymptotically Rindler space-times. In four-dimensional Rindler space-time, …
The structure of the solution space of the Dirac equation in the exterior Schwarzschild geometry is analyzed. Representing the space-time inner product for families of solutions with variable mass parameter in terms of the respective scalar products, a so-called mass decomposition is derived. This mass decomposition consists of a single mass integral involving the fermionic signature operator as well as a double integral which takes into account the flux of Dirac currents across the event horizon. The spectrum of the fermionic signature operator is computed. The corresponding generalized fermi…
The Fermionic Signature Operator in the Reissner-Nordström Geometry in Horizon-Penetrating Coordinates
研究在穿透视界坐标下Reissner-Nordström几何中Dirac方程至柯西视界，通过质量分解定理给出时空内积的协变表示，计算费米子签名算子和费米子通量算子的谱并证明它们是有界对称算子，构造费米子投影态并证明其满足Hadamard条件，最后给出费米子通量算子的物理解释。
The fermionic projector state is a distinguished quasi-free state for the algebra of Dirac fields in a globally hyperbolic spacetime. We construct and analyze it in the four-dimensional de Sitter spacetime, both in the closed and in the flat slicing. In the latter case we show that the mass oscillation properties do not hold due to boundary effects. This is taken into account in a so-called mass decomposition. The involved fermionic signature operator defines a fermionic projector state. In the case of a closed slicing, we construct the fermionic signature operator and show that the ensuing st…
In this paper, we construct the additional symmetries of the fermionic $(2N,2M)$-Toda hierarchy basing on the generalization of the $N{=}(1|1)$ supersymmetric two dimensional Toda lattice hierarchy. These additional flows constitute a $w_{\infty}\times w_{\infty}$ Lie algebra. As a Bosonic reduction of the $N{=}(1|1)$ supersymmetric two dimensional Toda lattice hierarchy and the fermionic $(2N,2M)$-Toda hierarchy, we define a new extended fermionic $(2N,2M)$-Toda hierarchy which admits a Bosonic Block type superconformal structure.
On the Classification of Bosonic and Fermionic One-Form Symmetries in $2+1$d and 't Hooft Anomaly Matching
本文研究 2+1 维中由玻色和费米自统计拓扑线构成的 BFB 一形式对称性，论证其可分类且与群密切相关，并利用该分类研究具有 BFB 对称性的非拓扑 QFT 的重整化群流不变量。
We define an index of the fermionic signature operator on even-dimensional globally hyperbolic spin manifolds of finite lifetime. The invariance of the index under homotopies is studied. The definition is generalized to causal fermion systems with a chiral grading. We give examples of space-times and Dirac operators thereon for which our index is non-trivial.
We give a non-perturbative construction of a distinguished state for the quantized Dirac field in Minkowski space in the presence of a time-dependent external field of the form of a plane electromagnetic wave. By explicit computation of the fermionic signature operator, it is shown that the Dirac operator has the strong mass oscillation property. We prove that the resulting fermionic projector state is a Hadamard state.
We obtain a formula for the determinant of a block Toeplitz matrix associated with a quadratic fermionic chain with complex coupling. Such couplings break reflection symmetry and/or charge conjugation symmetry. We then apply this formula to compute the Renyi entropy of a partial observation to a subsystem consisting of $X$ contiguous sites in the limit of large $X$. The present work generalizes similar results due to Its, Jin, Korepin and Its, Mezzadri, Mo. A striking new feature of our formula for the entanglement entropy is the appearance of a term scaling with the logarithm of the size of $…
We extend to a non-Hermitian fermionic quantum field theory with PT symmetry our previous discussion of second quantization, discrete symmetry transformations, and inner products in a scalar field theory [arXiv:2006.06656]. For illustration, we consider a prototype model containing a single Dirac fermion with a parity-odd, anti-Hermitian mass term. In the phase of unbroken PT symmetry, this Dirac fermion model is equivalent to a Hermitian theory under a similarity transformation, with the non-Hermitian nature of the model residing only in the spinor structure, whereas the algebra of the creati…
Invertible phases for mixed spatial symmetries and the fermionic crystalline equivalence principle
本文提出了一种扩展的数学框架，用于分类具有混合空间对称性的费米子相，并证明了费米子晶格等价原理。
Gapped quantum liquids (GQL) include both topologically ordered states (with long range entanglement) and symmetry protected topological (SPT) states (with short range entanglement). In this paper, we propose a classification of 2+1D GQL for both bosonic and fermionic systems: 2+1D bosonic/fermionic GQLs with finite on-site symmetry are classified by non-degenerate unitary braided fusion categories over a symmetric fusion category (SFC) $\cal E$, abbreviated as $\text{UMTC}_{/\cal E}$, together with their modular extensions and total chiral central charges. The SFC $\cal E$ is $\text{Rep}(G)$ …
We construct new integrable coupled systems of N=1 supersymmetric equations and present integrable fermionic extensions of the Burgers and Boussinesq equations. Existence of infinitely many higher symmetries is demonstrated by the presence of recursion operators. Various algebraic methods are applied to the analysis of symmetries, conservation laws, recursion operators, and Hamiltonian structures. A fermionic extension of the Burgers equation is related with the Burgers flows on associative algebras. A Gardner's deformation is found for the bosonic super-field dispersionless Boussinesq equatio…
On the c-k constrained KP and BKP hierarchies: the Fermionic pictures, solutions and additional symmetries
本文通过费米子方法研究 c-k 约束 KP 与 BKP 层级，给出费米子图像、解及附加对称，并证明其附加流均构成 Virasoro 子代数。
A random purification channel for arbitrary symmetries with applications to fermions and bosons
该研究提出了一种适用于任意对称性的随机纯化通道，实现了费米子和玻色子高斯态的最优标定和性质测试。
The Dirac equation in the external Coulomb field is proved to possess the symmetry determined by the 31 operators, which form the 31-dimensional algebra. Two different fermionic realizations of the SO(1,3) algebra of the Lorentz group are found. Two different bosonic realizations of this algebra are found as well. All generators of the above mentioned algebras commute with the operator of the Dirac equation in the external Coulomb field, and, therefore, determine the algebras of invariance of such Dirac equation. Hence, the spin s=(1,0) Bose symmetry of the Dirac equation for the free spinor f…
The fermionic signature operator is analyzed on globally hyperbolic Lorentzian surfaces. The connection between the spectrum of the fermionic signature operator and geometric properties of the surface is studied. The findings are illustrated by simple examples and counterexamples.
A systematic procedure is developed for constructing fermion systems in discrete space-time which have a given outer symmetry. The construction is illustrated by simple examples. For the symmetric group, we derive constraints for the number of particles. In the physically interesting case of many particles and even more space-time points, this result shows that the permutation symmetry of discrete space-time is always spontaneously broken by the fermionic projector.
Majorana-Pauli stabilizer codes and duality webs of fermionic topological phases
本文引入马约拉纳-泡利稳定子码，构造了费米子环面码的精确可解稳定子实现，并通过任意子凝聚和对称性规范对偶网络连接了多种拓扑相。
We describe some applications of group- and bundle-theoretic methods in solid state physics, showing how symmetries lead to a proof of the localization of electrons in gapped crystalline solids, as e.g. insulators and semiconductors. We shortly review the Bloch-Floquet decomposition of periodic operators, and the related concepts of Bloch frames and composite Wannier functions. We show that the latter are almost-exponentially localized if and only if there exists a smooth periodic Bloch frame, and that the obstruction to the latter condition is the triviality of a Hermitian vector bundle, call…
Signatures of Topological Symmetries on a Noisy Quantum Simulator
本工作利用混合量子-经典算法在IBM Kingston噪声量子模拟器上实现了Ising共形场论的拓扑对称性本征态，并通过测量关联函数验证了其特征，展示了噪声量子模拟器研究低维量子场论的可行性。
Mutual Influence of Symmetries and Topological Field Theories
研究在允许与TQFT堆叠作为等价关系时，费米子(2+1)d QFT的融合2-范畴对称性如何被修改，发现与Spin(n)_1堆叠会导致有限种不等价修改。
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