相对论核碰撞中强子物质的等温压缩性
Isothermal compressibility of hadronic matter formed in relativistic nuclear collisions
摘要：
本文给出了相对论核碰撞（$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 7.7$ GeV ~ 2.76 TeV）中强子物质的等温压缩系数（\kT）的首次实验估计. \kT ~与碰撞中形成的系统的粒子多重性、温度和体积的波动有关。多重性波动是从带电粒子多重性在窄的中心性仓中的事件分布中获得的。通过去除参与核子数量对涨落的贡献来提取涨落的动力学分量。从现有的实验数据，一个恒定的值\kT ~已被观察到作为碰撞能量的函数。将计算结果与UrQMD、AMPT和EPOS事件发生器的计算结果进行了比较，并对CERN大型强子对撞机上Pb-Pb碰撞的\kT ~进行了估算。本文用强子共振气体模型计算了\kT ~作为碰撞能的函数。结果表明，在低碰撞能量下，\kT ~减小到\sNN ~ $\sim$ ~20~GeV，超过此能量后，\kT ~值几乎保持不变.
英文摘要：
We present the first estimates of isothermal compressibility (\kT) of hadronic matter formed in relativistic nuclear collisions ($\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 7.7$ GeV to 2.76~TeV) using experimentally observed quantities. \kT~is related to the fluctuation in particle multiplicity, temperature, and volume of the system formed in the collisions. Multiplicity fluctuations are obtained from the event-by-event distributions of charged particle multiplicities in narrow centrality bins. The dynamical components of the fluctuations are extracted by removing the contributions to the fluctuations from the number of participating nucleons. From the available experimental data, a constant value of \kT~has been observed as a function of collision energy. The results are compared with calculations from UrQMD, AMPT, and EPOS event generators, and estimations of \kT~are made for Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. A hadron resonance gas (HRG) model has been used to calculate \kT~as a function of collision energy. Our results show a decrease in \kT~at low collision energies to \sNN~$\sim$~20~GeV, beyond which the \kT~values remain almost constant.
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