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arXiv 1708.07576cs.NE
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用循环神经网络学习谜

Learning the Enigma with Recurrent Neural Networks

Sam Greydanus

摘要:

循环神经网络(RNN)代表了翻译、图像描述和语音识别的最新技术水平。它们还能够从一组训练样本中学习算法任务,如长加法、复制和排序。我们证明了RNN可以学习解密算法-从明文到密文的映射-三个多字母密码(Vigenère,Autokey和Enigma)。最值得注意的是,我们证明了具有3000个单元的长短期记忆(LSTM)单元的RNN可以学习Enigma机器的解密功能。我们认为,我们的模型学习这些密码的有效内部表示1)通过探索单个记忆神经元的激活和2)通过比较三个密码的内存使用。需要说明的是,我们的工作并不是为了“破解”Enigma密码。然而,我们证明了我们的模型可以通过对Vigenère和Autokey密码运行已知明文攻击来执行基本的密码分析。我们的研究结果表明,RNN可以学习黑盒多字母密码的算法表示,这些表示是有用的密码分析。

英文摘要:

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) represent the state of the art in translation, image captioning, and speech recognition. They are also capable of learning algorithmic tasks such as long addition, copying, and sorting from a set of training examples. We demonstrate that RNNs can learn decryption algorithms -- the mappings from plaintext to ciphertext -- for three polyalphabetic ciphers (Vigenère, Autokey, and Enigma). Most notably, we demonstrate that an RNN with a 3000-unit Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) cell can learn the decryption function of the Enigma machine. We argue that our model learns efficient internal representations of these ciphers 1) by exploring activations of individual memory neurons and 2) by comparing memory usage across the three ciphers. To be clear, our work is not aimed at 'cracking' the Enigma cipher. However, we do show that our model can perform elementary cryptanalysis by running known-plaintext attacks on the Vigenère and Autokey ciphers. Our results indicate that RNNs can learn algorithmic representations of black box polyalphabetic ciphers and that these representations are useful for cryptanalysis.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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