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arXiv 1708.07014cond-mat.mes-hall
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拓扑HgTe纳米线中自旋螺旋表面态的探测

Probing Spin Helical Surface States in Topological HgTe Nanowires

Johannes Ziegler, Raphael Kozlovsky, Cosimo Gorini, Ming-Hao Liu, Sabine Weishäupl, Hubert Maier, Ralf Fischer, Dmitriy A. Kozlov, Ze Don Kvon, Nikolay N. Mikha… 展开作者

Johannes Ziegler, Raphael Kozlovsky, Cosimo Gorini, Ming-Hao Liu, Sabine Weishäupl, Hubert Maier, Ralf Fischer, Dmitriy A. Kozlov, Ze Don Kvon, Nikolay N. Mikhailov, Sergey A. Dvoretsky, Klaus Richter, Dieter Weiss

摘要:

具有螺旋表面态的纳米线代表了观察和利用相位相干拓扑电导现象的关键先决条件,例如自旋动量锁定量子输运或拓扑超导性。我们证明了在一个联合的实验和理论研究,门控纳米线制造的高迁移率应变碲化汞,被称为散装拓扑绝缘体,确实保留了拓扑性质的表面状态,而且延伸相位相干整个线的几何形状。的相位相干长度被增强到5 $μ$ m时,调整到体间隙的电线,以便挑选出拓扑运输。纳米线表现出不同的电导振荡,作为由于轴向磁场的通量的函数,和栅极电压。观察到的$h/e$周期性Aharonov-Bohm型调制表明表面介导的准弹道输运。此外,深入分析所观察到的依赖于栅极的电导振荡的缩放揭示了这些表面状态的拓扑性质。为此,我们结合数值紧束缚计算的量子磁导与模拟的静电,占栅极诱导的不均匀的载流子密度周围的电线。我们发现,螺旋运输普遍存在,即使是强烈的非均匀门控和受磁通敏感的高角动量表面状态,围绕整个电线圆周延伸。

英文摘要:

Nanowires with helical surface states represent key prerequisites for observing and exploiting phase-coherent topological conductance phenomena, such as spin-momentum locked quantum transport or topological superconductivity. We demonstrate in a joint experimental and theoretical study that gated nanowires fabricated from high-mobility strained HgTe, known as a bulk topological insulator, indeed preserve the topological nature of the surface states, that moreover extend phase-coherently across the entire wire geometry. The phase-coherence lengths are enhanced up to 5 $μ$m when tuning the wires into the bulk gap, so as to single out topological transport. The nanowires exhibit distinct conductance oscillations, both as a function of the flux due to an axial magnetic field, and of a gate voltage. The observed $h/e$-periodic Aharonov-Bohm-type modulations indicate surface-mediated quasi-ballistic transport. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the scaling of the observed gate-dependent conductance oscillations reveals the topological nature of these surface states. To this end we combined numerical tight-binding calculations of the quantum magneto-conductance with simulations of the electrostatics, accounting for the gate-induced inhomogenous charge carrier densities around the wires. We find that helical transport prevails even for strongly inhomogenous gating and is governed by flux-sensitive high-angular momentum surface states that extend around the entire wire circumference.

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