使用非均匀驱动器哈密顿量的微扰防交叉缓解的实验演示
Experimental demonstration of perturbative anticrossing mitigation using non-uniform driver Hamiltonians
摘要：
微扰反交叉一直被认为是量子退火的潜在计算瓶颈。例如，当将均匀的横向驱动器哈密顿量应用于每个量子位时，可能会出现这种瓶颈。先前的理论研究试图通过根据微扰近似调整单个量子比特上的横向驱动哈密顿量来减轻这种反交叉。在这里，我们将这一原理应用于D-Wave 2000 Q系统中量子退火的物理实现。我们使用来自量子退火硬件和每量子位退火偏移的样本来产生非均匀驱动器哈密顿量。在小的情况下，严重的微扰反交叉，我们的算法产生的最小本征能隙，基态成功概率，并从亚稳谷逃逸率的增加。我们还证明了同样的方法可以减轻有偏采样的简并基态。
英文摘要：
Perturbative anticrossings have long been identified as a potential computational bottleneck for quantum annealing. This bottleneck can appear, for example, when a uniform transverse driver Hamiltonian is applied to each qubit. Previous theoretical research sought to alleviate such anticrossings by adjusting the transverse driver Hamiltonians on individual qubits according to a perturbative approximation. Here we apply this principle to a physical implementation of quantum annealing in a D-Wave 2000Q system. We use samples from the quantum annealing hardware and per-qubit anneal offsets to produce nonuniform driver Hamiltonians. On small instances with severe perturbative anticrossings, our algorithm yields an increase in minimum eigengaps, ground state success probabilities, and escape rates from metastable valleys. We also demonstrate that the same approach can mitigate biased sampling of degenerate ground states.
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