We explore, both experimentally and theoretically, the response of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate to modulated interactions. We identify two distinct regimes differing in modulation frequency and modulation strength. Longitudinal surface waves are generated either resonantly or parametrically for modulation frequencies near the radial trap frequency or twice the trap frequency, respectively. The dispersion of these waves, the latter being a Faraday wave, is well-reproduced by a mean-field theory that accounts for the 3D nature of the elongated condensate. In contrast, in the regime of lower modulation frequencies we find that no clear resonances occur, but with increased modulation strength, the condensate forms an irregular granulated distribution that is outside the scope of a mean-field approach. We find that the granulated condensate is characterized by large quantum fluctuations and correlations, which are well-described with single-shot simulations obtained from wavefunctions computed by a beyond mean-field theory at zero temperature, the multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree for bosons method.
Faraday waves on a bubble Bose-Einstein condensed binary mixture
Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo（圣保罗大学物理研究所）；Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista（圣保罗州立大学理论物理研究所）；Centro Internacional de Física, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília（巴西利亚大学物理研究所国际物理中心）
Spin Faraday pattern formation in a circular spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate with stripe phase
School of Physics, East China Normal University（华东师范大学物理系）；College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University（南开大学电子信息与光学工程学院）；Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University（华东师范大学重庆研究院精密光学重点实验室）
Detecting Collective Excitations in Self-Gravitating Bose-Einstein Condensates via Faraday Waves
School of Mathematics and Physics, Anqing Normal University（安庆师范大学数学与物理学院）；Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Anqing Normal University（安庆师范大学天体物理研究所）；Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics(Ministry of Education), Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学多尺度自旋物理教育部重点实验室）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学物理与天文学院）
Parametric pair production of collective excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；Institut d’Optique Graduate School（高等光学学院）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Laboratoire Charles Fabry（夏尔·法布里实验室）；Institut Pprime（普里姆研究所）；Université de Poitiers（普瓦捷大学）；ISAE-ENSMA（法国国立高等航空航天学院-高级机械与航空工程学院）
