玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的TheqQuantum声光效应
TheqQuantum acousto optic effect in Bose-Einstein condensate
摘要：
研究了单模光场与雪茄状玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）的相互作用，在紧约束方向上，陷阱频率随时间变化。在适当的条件下，弱约束方向上的纵向类声波（法拉第波）对入射光场起着类似经典光学中声光效应的动态衍射光栅的作用。由于BEC密度的周期性调制引起的折射率的变化是声光效应的原因。该动力学的特征在于光的布拉格光的散射从物质波法拉第光栅和同时布拉格散射的凝聚原子从光栅形成由于入射光和衍射光场之间的干涉。改变入射激光束的强度，我们观察到从声光效应制度的原子布拉格散射制度，拉比振荡的两个动量级的原子之间观察到的过渡。结果表明，随着原子间相互作用的增加，声光效应减小。
英文摘要：
We investigate the interaction between a single mode light field and an elongated cigar shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), subject to a temporal modulation of the trap frequency in the tight confinement direction. Under appropriate conditions, the longitudinal sound like waves (Faraday waves) in the direction of weak confinement acts as a dynamic diffraction grating for the incident light field analogous to the acousto-optic effect in classical optics. The change in the refractive index due to the periodic modulation of the BEC density is responsible for the acousto-optic effect. The dynamics is characterised by Bragg scattering of light fom the matter wave Faraday grating and simultaneous Bragg scattering of the condensate atoms from the optical grating formed due to the interference between the incident light and the diffracted light fields. Varying the intensity of the incident laser beam we observe the transition from the acousto-optic effect regime to the atomic Bragg scattering regime, where Rabi oscillations between two momentum levels of the atoms are observed. We show that the acousto-optic effect is reduced as the atomic interaction is increased.
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