可观测超平移
Observable Supertranslations
摘要：
我们表明，在渐近平坦时空中的大规范变换可以通过将包含进入的硬粒子的壳层夹在两个有限宽度的软规范激发壳层之间来实现。引力子狄拉克括号的积分意味着我们可观测的软自由度服从斯特罗明格对不可观测的边界自由度施加的代数。因此，我们提供了这个代数的推导和可观察的实现。与渐近对称性相关的守恒定律被认为是从红外模式的自由传播中产生的。这从物理上解释了我们最近的结果，即软电荷不能约束硬散射问题，因此不能与黑洞信息悖论相关。
英文摘要：
We show that large gauge transformations in asymptotically flat spacetime can be implemented by sandwiching a shell containing the ingoing hard particles between two finite-width shells of soft gauge excitations. Integration of the graviton Dirac bracket implies that our observable soft degrees of freedom obey the algebra imposed by Strominger on unobservable boundary degrees of freedom. Thus, we provide both a derivation and an observable realization of this algebra. The conservation laws associated with asymptotic symmetries are seen to arise physically from free propagation of infrared modes. This explains in physical terms our recent result that soft charges fail to constrain the hard scattering problem, and so cannot be relevant to the black hole information paradox.
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