可劈裂范德华层状CrCl3晶体的磁性和自旋-晶格耦合
Magnetic Behavior and Spin-Lattice Coupling in Cleavable, van der Waals Layered CrCl3 Crystals
摘要：
CrCl 3是一种层状绝缘体，在室温以下发生晶体相变，在低温下反铁磁有序。层与层之间的弱范德华键和铁磁面内磁序使其成为获得原子级薄磁体和产生范德华异质结构的有前途的材料。在这项工作中，我们生长的CrCl 3晶体，重温了散装材料的结构和热力学性质，并探讨了机械剥离的晶体。我们发现两个不同的异常，在14和17 K的热容量确认的磁秩序发展在两个阶段冷却，铁磁相关形成之前，远程反铁磁秩序之间的发展。这种情况得到磁化数据的支持。由热容和磁化结果构造了磁相图。我们还发现在结晶相变的磁化率的异常，表明磁性和晶格之间的一些耦合。考虑范德华相互作用的第一性原理计算也表明了自旋-晶格耦合，并发现了与实验观察一致的多个近简并的晶体学和磁性结构。最后，我们证明，单层和几层CrCl 3标本可以从大块晶体剥离，提供了一个路径的异质结构和磁性的研究在CrCl 3晶体下降到单层的限制。
英文摘要：
CrCl3 is a layered insulator that undergoes a crystallographic phase transition below room temperature and orders antiferromagnetically at low temperature. Weak van der Waals bonding between the layers and ferromagnetic in-plane magnetic order make it a promising material for obtaining atomically thin magnets and creating van der Waals heterostructures. In this work we have grown crystals of CrCl3, revisited the structural and thermodynamic properties of the bulk material, and explored mechanical exfoliation of the crystals. We find two distinct anomalies in the heat capacity at 14 and 17 K confirming that the magnetic order develops in two stages on cooling, with ferromagnetic correlations forming before long range antiferromagnetic order develops between them. This scenario is supported by magnetization data. A magnetic phase diagram is constructed from the heat capacity and magnetization results. We also find an anomaly in the magnetic susceptibility at the crystallographic phase transition, indicating some coupling between the magnetism and the lattice. First principles calculations accounting for van der Waals interactions also indicate spin-lattice coupling, and find multiple nearly degenerate crystallographic and magnetic structures consistent with the experimental observations. Finally, we demonstrate that monolayer and few-layer CrCl3 specimens can be produced from the bulk crystals by exfoliation, providing a path for the study of heterostructures and magnetism in ultrathin crystals down to the monolayer limit.
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