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arXiv 1704.01271cs.RO
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基于步长定时自适应的步行控制

Walking Control Based on Step Timing Adaptation

Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems(马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所);Google X(谷歌X);K. N. Toosi University of Technology(托西斯理工大学);New York University(纽约大学)

Majid Khadiv, Alexander Herzog, S. Ali A. Moosavian, Ludovic Righetti

摘要:

步距调整可以提高仿人机器人步态的鲁棒性,但步距调整往往被忽略,因为步距调整在多步优化时会产生非凸问题。在本文中,我们认为,这是没有必要的,以确保步态的可行性,并表明它是足够的,只需选择下一步的时间和位置优化步行。利用这一见解,我们提出了一种新的步行模式发生器,最佳选择步骤的位置和时间在每个控制周期。与文献中的标准方法相比,我们的方法在计算上是简单的,但可以保证任何可行的状态在未来仍然是可行的。我们提出了一种摆动脚适应策略,并集成了模式发生器与逆动力学控制器,不显式控制的质量中心,也没有脚的压力中心。这对于对足部压力中心具有有限控制权限的机器人(例如具有点足或被动踝关节的机器人)特别有用。广泛的模拟与被动脚踝的人形机器人上展示的能力的方法在各种步行的情况下,包括外部推动和脚滑移,并强调步定时适应稳定行走的重要性。

英文摘要:

Step adjustment can improve the gait robustness of biped robots, however the adaptation of step timing is often neglected as it gives rise to non-convex problems when optimized over several footsteps. In this paper, we argue that it is not necessary to optimize walking over several steps to ensure gait viability and show that it is sufficient to merely select the next step timing and location. Using this insight, we propose a novel walking pattern generator that optimally selects step location and timing at every control cycle. Our approach is computationally simple compared to standard approaches in the literature, yet guarantees that any viable state will remain viable in the future. We propose a swing foot adaptation strategy and integrate the pattern generator with an inverse dynamics controller that does not explicitly control the center of mass nor the foot center of pressure. This is particularly useful for biped robots with limited control authority over their foot center of pressure, such as robots with point feet or passive ankles. Extensive simulations on a humanoid robot with passive ankles demonstrate the capabilities of the approach in various walking situations, including external pushes and foot slippage, and emphasize the importance of step timing adaptation to stabilize walking.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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