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arXiv 1703.02433cs.LGstat.ML
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网约车时空需求预测的机器学习方法研究

An investigation into machine learning approaches for forecasting spatio-temporal demand in ride-hailing service

University of Liège(列日大学);Polytechnique Montréal(蒙特利尔理工学院)

Ismaïl Saadi, Melvin Wong, Bilal Farooq, Jacques Teller, Mario Cools

摘要:

在本文中,我们提出了机器学习方法来表征和预测按需叫车服务的短期需求。我们提出的时空估计的需求是一个函数的变量影响相关的交通,定价和天气条件。关于该方法,单个决策树、引导聚合(袋装)决策树、随机森林、提升决策树和用于回归的人工神经网络已被调整,并使用各种统计数据(例如,R平方、均方根误差(RMSE)和斜率)进行系统比较。为了更好地评估模型的质量,我们使用中国主要的按需叫车服务提供商滴滴出行的数据对模型进行了真实案例研究。在当前的研究中,已经提取了199,584个描述时空乘车需求的时隙,聚合时间间隔为10分钟。所有的方法都是基于来自该数据集的两个独立样本进行训练和验证的。结果表明,提升决策树提供了最好的预测精度(RMSE=16.41),同时避免了过拟合的风险,其次是人工神经网络(20.09),随机森林(23.50),袋装决策树(24.29)和单一决策树(33.55)。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we present machine learning approaches for characterizing and forecasting the short-term demand for on-demand ride-hailing services. We propose the spatio-temporal estimation of the demand that is a function of variable effects related to traffic, pricing and weather conditions. With respect to the methodology, a single decision tree, bootstrap-aggregated (bagged) decision trees, random forest, boosted decision trees, and artificial neural network for regression have been adapted and systematically compared using various statistics, e.g. R-square, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and slope. To better assess the quality of the models, they have been tested on a real case study using the data of DiDi Chuxing, the main on-demand ride hailing service provider in China. In the current study, 199,584 time-slots describing the spatio-temporal ride-hailing demand has been extracted with an aggregated-time interval of 10 mins. All the methods are trained and validated on the basis of two independent samples from this dataset. The results revealed that boosted decision trees provide the best prediction accuracy (RMSE=16.41), while avoiding the risk of over-fitting, followed by artificial neural network (20.09), random forest (23.50), bagged decision trees (24.29) and single decision tree (33.55).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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