磁层截断，潮汐螺旋，以及短和超短周期行星的形成
Magnetospheric Truncation, Tidal Inspiral, and the Creation of Short and Ultra-Short Period Planets
摘要：
FGKM矮星周围的亚海王星在对数轨道周期内均匀分布，最短为$\sim$ 10天，但在较短的周期内数量减少。无论是在$\sim$ 10天的中断和发生率下降到$\sim$ 1天的斜率可以归因于截断的原行星盘由他们的主恒星磁层在共同旋转。我们证明了这一点，推导出行星发生率配置文件的经验分布的前主序星旋转周期。观察到的配置文件更好地复制时，行星随机分布在磁盘-可能是预期的，如果行星形成在原地-而不是堆积在磁盘边缘附近，如果他们迁移的磁盘扭矩的情况下。行星可以从盘边缘带到超短（$< 1$天）周期的异步平衡潮汐在他们的恒星。潮汐迁移可以解释超短周期行星（USP）比长周期行星的间隔更宽。我们的图片为理解为什么富含金属的恒星倾向于拥有更多的USP提供了一个起点，以及为什么无论宿主恒星是FGK型还是早期M型，亚海王星的人口在$\sim$ 10天后都会下降。我们预测A星周围的行星出现率也会在短时间内破裂，但在$\sim$ 1天而不是$\sim$ 10天，因为A星比低质量恒星旋转得更快（这个预测假设行星的微行星构建块可以在尘埃升华半径内漂移）。
英文摘要：
Sub-Neptunes around FGKM dwarfs are evenly distributed in log orbital period down to $\sim$10 days, but dwindle in number at shorter periods. Both the break at $\sim$10 days and the slope of the occurrence rate down to $\sim$1 day can be attributed to the truncation of protoplanetary disks by their host star magnetospheres at co-rotation. We demonstrate this by deriving planet occurrence rate profiles from empirical distributions of pre-main-sequence stellar rotation periods. Observed profiles are better reproduced when planets are distributed randomly in disks---as might be expected if planets formed in situ---rather than piled up near disk edges, as would be the case if they migrated in by disk torques. Planets can be brought from disk edges to ultra-short ($< 1$ day) periods by asynchronous equilibrium tides raised on their stars. Tidal migration can account for how ultra-short period planets (USPs) are more widely spaced than their longer period counterparts. Our picture provides a starting point for understanding why metal-rich stars tend to harbor more USPs, and why the sub-Neptune population drops at $\sim$10 days regardless of whether the host star is of type FGK or early M. We predict planet occurrence rates around A stars to also break at short periods, but at $\sim$1 day instead of $\sim$10 days because A stars rotate faster than lower mass stars (this prediction presumes that the planetesimal building blocks of planets can drift inside the dust sublimation radius).
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