The rare decay $B\to K^\ast( \to Kπ) ν\barν$ is expected to play an important role in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model at the near future $B$-physics experiments. We investigate resonant and non-resonant backgrounds that arise beyond the narrow-width approximation for the $K^\ast$. Non-resonant $B\to Kπν\barν$ decays are analyzed in the region of low hadronic recoil, where $B \to K π$ form factors from Heavy-Hadron-Chiral-Perturbation Theory are available. In a Breit-Wigner-type model interference-induced effects in the $K^*$ signal region are found to be sizable, as large as $20\%$ in the branching ratio. Corresponding effects in the longitudinal polarization fraction $F_L$ are smaller, at most around few \%. Effects of the broad scalar states $K_0^\ast$ and $κ$ are at the level of percent in the branching fraction in the $K^\ast$ signal region and negligible in $F_L$. Since the backgrounds to $F_L$ are small this observable constitutes a useful probe of form factors calculations, or alternatively, of right-handed currents in the entire $q^2$-region. The forward-backward asymmetry in the $K π$-system, $A_{\rm FB \, L}^K$, with normalization to the longitudinal decay rate probes predominantly S,P-wave interference free of short-distance coefficients and can therefore be used to control the resonant and non-resonant backgrounds.
An exact calculation of the Higgs boson decays $H\to q_i q_j$ mediated by flavor changing neutral currents is presented in the context of the Standard Model. Using up-to-date experimental data, branching ratios of the order of $10^{-7}$, $10^{-8}$, $10^{-8}$, and $10^{-15}$ are found for the $\bar{b}s+\bar{s}b$, $\bar{b}d+\bar{d}b$, $\bar{s}d+\bar{d}s$, and $\bar{c}u+\bar{u}c$ decay modes, respectively.
The semileptonic decays of $Λ_{b}\toΛ_{c}^{(*)}\ellν_\ell$ and $Λ_{c}\toΛ^{(*)}\ellν_\ell$ are studied in the light-front quark model in this work. Instead of the quark-diquark approximation, we use the three-body wave functions obtained by baryon spectroscopy. The ground states $(1/2^{+})$, the $λ$-mode orbital excited states $(1/2^{-})$, and the first radial excited states $(1/2^{+})$ of $Λ_{(c)}^{(*)}$ are considered. The discussions are given for the form factors, partial widths, branching fractions, leptonic forward-backward asymmetries, hadron polarizations, lepton polarizations, and the…
The axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ is a generic feature of non-hadronic axion models. This coupling may induce a variety of observable signatures, particularly in astrophysical environments. Here, we revisit the calculation of the axion-electron bremsstrahlung and provide a general formulation valid for a non-relativistic plasma with any level of degeneracy and for any axion mass. We apply our result to the Sun, red giant stars and white dwarfs. In particular, we prove that the approximations used to evaluate the axion emissivity in red giants agree with the exact result within $10\%$, compa…
The calculation of the decay $X(3872)\to D^0 \bar{D}^0 π^0$ in effective field theory is revisited to include final state $π^0 D^0$, $π^0 \bar{D}^0$and $D^0\bar{D}^0$ rescattering diagrams. These introduce significant uncertainty into the prediction for the partial width as a function of the binding energy. The differential distribution in the pion energy is also studied for the first time. The normalization of the distribution is again quite uncertain due to higher order effects but the shape of the distribution is unaffected by higher order corrections. Furthermore the shape of the distribut…
We reinvestigate the scenario that the amount of the baryons and the gravitino dark matter is naturally explained by the decay of the Q balls in the gauge-mediated SUSY breaking. Equipped by the more correct decay rates into gravitinos and baryons recently derived, we find that the scenario with the direct production of the gravitino dark matter from the Q-ball decay works naturally.
Based on the mass relations from the Regge phenomenology, we revisit the mass spectrum of $1^{3}D_{1}$ meson nonet. The masses of kaon and $s\bar{s}$ member of $1^{3}D_{1}$ ($1^{3}D_{1}(s\bar{s})$) meson nonet are obtained and the results are compared with the values from different theoretical models. Moreover, the strong decay properties of the kaon and $1^{3}D_{1}(s\bar{s})$ are presented in the $^{3}P_{0}$ model. On the basis of results, we suggest the assignment of $1^{3}D_{1}$ meson nonet need further tested in the new experiment in the future. Our results also provide mass constraints fo…
In this letter we revisit the Standard Model predictions for $\mathcal{B}(B\to K^{(\ast)}ν\barν)$ and discuss the opportunities that open up when combining its partial decay rate with that of $B\to K^{(\ast)}\ell\ell$. In the Standard Model a suitable ratio of these two modes can be used to extract $C_9^\mathrm{eff}$, which is essential for a reliable phenomenological analysis of the $B\to K^{(\ast)}\ell\ell$ angular observables. The same ratio also proves to be more sensitive to the presence of New Physics in many plausible extensions of the Standard Model. We also suggest that the separate m…
We recalculate the branching ratio and CP asymmetry for $\bar{B}^{0} (B^{0})\to π^{0}π^{0}$ decays in the Perturbative QCD approach. In this approach, we consider all the possible diagrams including non-factorizable contributions and annihilation contributions. We obtain $Br(\bar{B}^{0} (B^{0})\to π^{0}π^{0})=(1.17_{-0.12}^{+0.11})\times 10^{-6}$. Our result is in agreement with the latest measured branching ratio of $B^{0}\toπ^{0}π^{0}$ by the Belle and HFAG Collaborations. We also predict large direct CP asymmetry and mixing CP asymmetry in $B^{0}\toπ^{0}π^{0}$ decays, which can be tested by…
A complete and systematic effective field theory analysis of new physics effects in \bar{f}f -> ZZ and \bar{f}f -> γZ is performed. Results are presented for the different initial and final-state polarized differential cross sections in terms of oblique, gauge-fermion and neutral triple gauge corrections (nTGC). Phenomenological signatures for new physics detection at the LHC and at future linear colliders are discussed. In comparison to WW production, they follow a completely different pattern: nTGC only appear at NNLO in the effective field theory expansion and, accordingly, are extremely su…
In this paper we revisit the problem of the solution to Balitsky-Kovchegov equation deeply in the saturation domain. We find that solution has the form of Levin-Tuchin solution but it depends on variable $\bar{z} = \ln(r^2 Q^2_s) + \mbox{Const}$ and the value of $\mbox{Const}$ is calculated in this paper. We propose the solution for full BFKL kernel at large $z$ in the entire kinematic region that satisfies the McLerram-Venugopalan initial condition
We revisit the sensitivity study of the Tokai-to-Kamioka-and-Korea (T2KK) and Tokai-to-Kamioka-and-Oki (T2KO) proposals where a water Cerenkov detector with the 100 kton fiducial volume is placed in Korea ($L = 1000$ km) and Oki island ($L = 653$ km) in Japan, respectively, in addition to the Super-Kamiokande for determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy and leptonic CP phase ($δ_{CP}$). We systematically study the running ratio of the $ν_μ$ and $\barν_μ$ focusing beams with dedicated background estimation for the $ν_e$ appearance and $ν_μ$ disappearance signals, especially improving treatm…
We systematically revisit the baryonic four-body semileptonic decays of $B^- \to {\bf B}\bar{\bf B}'\ell^- \barν_{\ell}$ by the perturbative QCD counting rules with ${\bf B}$ representing octet baryons and $\ell=e,μ$. We study the transition form factors of $B^- \to {\bf B} \bar{\bf B}'$ in the limit of $(p_{\bf B}+p_{\bar{\bf B}'})^2 \to \infty $ with the three-body $\bar{B}\to {\bf B}\bar{\bf B}' M$ and $B^- \to p\bar{p} μ^- \barν_μ$ data along with $SU(3)_f$ flavor symmetry. We calculate the decay branching ratios and angular asymmetries as well as the differential decay branching fractions…
In recent years, several deviations from the Standard Model predictions in semileptonic decays of $B$-meson might suggest the existence of new physics which would break the lepton-flavour universality. In this work, we have explored the possibility of using muon sneutrinos and right-handed sbottoms to solve these $B$-physics anomalies simultaneously in $R$-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model. We find that the photonic penguin induced by exchanging sneutrino can provide sizable lepton flavour universal contribution due to the existence of logarithmic enhancement for the first…
We study the $ρπ$ and $b_1π$ decay modes of the $1^{-+}$ light hybrid state within the framework of light-cone QCD sum rules. We use both the tensor current $\barψσ_{μν}ψ$ and the derivative current $\barψ\overleftrightarrow{D}_μγ_5ψ$ as interpolating currents to calculate the partial decay width of the $b_1π$ decay mode. Comparing the sum rules obtained by using different currents, we obtain $Γ(π_1\to b_1π)$ = 8--23, 32--86 and 52--151\,MeV for $m_{1^{-+}}$ = 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0\,GeV respectively, which favour the results from the flux tube models and lattice simulations. We also use the tensor …
The exploration of the scalar sector of the Standard Model is at the core of current and future science programs at collider experiments, with increasing focus on the self-interaction of the Higgs boson. This important parameter of the Higgs sector can be measured in various channels, among the production of a Higgs boson associated with a top-quark pair, $\bar{t}thh$. In this paper we study this channel and its potential to measure or constrain the self-coupling and possible new physics contributions at a future 100 TeV proton-proton collider. Analysing this highly complex final state adds to…
It has been shown recently that the anomalies observed in $\bar B\to D^{(\ast)}τ\barν_τ$ and $\bar B\to \bar K\ell^+\ell^-$ decays could be resolved with just one scalar leptoquark. Fitting to the current data on $R(D^{(\ast)})$ along with acceptable $q^2$ distributions in $\bar B\to D^{(\ast)}τ\barν_τ$ decays, four best-fit solutions for the operator coefficients have been found. In this paper, we explore the possibilities of how to discriminate these four solutions. Firstly, we find that two of them are already excluded by the decay $B_c^-\to τ^-\barν_τ$, because the predicted decay widths h…
Motivated by the recent measurements of non-leptonic $\bar{B}_s^0$ decays by CDF and LHCb collaborations, especially the large ${\cal B}(\bar{B}_s^0\toπ^+π^-)$, we revisit the hard spectator and annihilation corrections in $\bar{B}_s^0$ decays within QCD factorization approach with two schemes for the possible parameters for the known end-point divergence appeared in the estimation of the hard spectator and annihilation diagrams. The first one is to conservatively estimate the possible contributions by parameterization (scheme I); another one uses an infrared finite gluon propagator (scheme II…
We consider neutrino oscillations in vacuum in the framework of quantum field theory in which neutrino production and detection processes are part of a single Feynman diagram and the corresponding cross section is computed in the standard way, i.e. with final states represented by plane waves. We use assumptions which are realized in actual experiments and concentrate on the detection process. Moreover, we also allow for a finite time interval of length $τ$ during which the detector records neutrino events. In this context we are motivated by accelerator-neutrino oscillation experiments where …
The nature of the three narrow $P_c$ states, i.e., $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$, is under intense discussion since their discovery from the updated analysis by LHCb. In this work we extend our previous coupled-channel approach [Phys. Rev. Lett. \bf{124}, 072001 (2020)] by including the $Λ_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$ and $η_cp$ as explicitly in addition to the $J/ψp$, as required by unitarity and heavy quark spin symmetry (HQSS). Since inelastic parameters are very badly constrained by the current data, three schemes are considered: (a) scheme I with pure contact interactions and without the $Λ…
The production of heavy-flavored hadron at the hadronic colliders provides a challenging opportunity to test the validity of pQCD predictions. There are two mechanisms for the $B^{(*)}_s$ hadroproduction, i.e. the gluon-gluon fusion mechanism via the subprocess $g+g\rightarrow B^{(*)}_s+b+\bar{s}$ and the extrinsic heavy quark mechanism via the subprocesses $g+\bar{b}\to B^{(*)}_s +\bar{s}$ and $g+s\to B^{(*)}_s +b$, both of which shall have sizable contributions in proper kinematic region. Different from the fixed-flavor-number scheme (FFNS) previously adopted in the literature, we study the …
Recently, the Belle collaboration measured the ratios of the branching fractions of the newly observed $Ω(2012)$ excited state. They did not observe significant signals for the $Ω(2012) \to \bar{K} Ξ^*(1530) \to \bar{K} πΞ$ decay, and reported an upper limit for the ratio of the three body decay to the two body decay mode of $Ω(2012) \to \bar{K} Ξ$. In this work, we revisit the newly observed $Ω(2012)$ from the molecular perspective where this resonance appears to be a dynamically generated state with spin-parity $3/2^-$ from the coupled channels interactions of the $\bar{K} Ξ^*(1530)$ and $ηΩ…
Motivated by the recently observation of the tetraquark $T_{cc}^+ $ state, in this work I revisit the Heavy-Meson Effective Theory to perform a simplified field-theoretical study of possible deuteron-like $D^{(\ast)} D ^{(\ast)}, \bar{B}^{(\ast)} \bar{B}^{(\ast)} $ and $D^{(\ast)} \bar{B}^{(\ast)} $ molecules. In particular, using the data from $T_{cc}^+ $ as input to fix the potential associated to the shallow-bound $ D D^{*} $ system with $I(J^P) = 1(1^+)$, the conditions for the formation of other loosely-bound states in the doubly charmed sector are analyzed. The other sectors are also dis…
The interaction of neutrino transition magnetic dipole moments with magnetic fields can give rise to the phenomenon of neutrino spin-flavour precession (SFP). For Majorana neutrinos, the combined action of SFP of solar neutrinos and flavour oscillations would manifest itself as a small, yet potentially detectable, flux of electron antineutrinos coming from the Sun. Non-observation of such a flux constrains the product of the neutrino magnetic moment $μ$ and the strength of the solar magnetic field $B$. We derive a simple analytical expression for the expected $\barν_e$ appearance probability i…
We revisit the calculation of nonfactorizable corrections induced by charm-quark loops in exclusive FCNC $B$-decays. For the sake of clarity, we make use of a field theory with scalar particles: this allows us to focus on the conceptual issues and to avoid technical complications related to particle spins in QCD. We perform a straightforward calculation of the appropriate correlation function and show that it requires the knowledge of the full generic three-particle distribution amplitude with non-aligned arguments, $\langle 0|\bar s(y)G_{μν}(x)b(0)|B(p)\rangle$. Moreover, the dependence of th…
In this article, we assume that there exist scalar ${D}^\ast {\bar {D}}^\ast$, ${D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$, ${B}^\ast {\bar {B}}^\ast$ and ${B}_s^\ast {\bar {B}}_s^\ast$ molecular states, and study their masses using the QCD sum rules. The numerical results indicate that the masses are about $(250-500) \rm{MeV}$ above the corresponding ${D}^\ast -{\bar {D}}^\ast$, ${D}_s^\ast -{\bar {D}}_s^\ast$, ${B}^\ast -{\bar {B}}^\ast$ and ${B}_s^\ast -{\bar {B}}_s^\ast$ thresholds, the Y(4140) is unlikely a scalar ${D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$ molecular state. The scalar $D^\ast {\bar D}^\ast$, $D_s^…
Possible Bound States in the $D^\ast\bar D^\ast$/$B^\ast\bar B^\ast$ and $D^\ast D^\ast$/$\bar B^\ast\bar B^\ast$ Systems within the Bethe-Salpeter Formalism
We revisit the calculation of the width for the radiative decay of a $1^{+-}$ heavy $Q \bar Q$ meson via the channel $1^{+-} \to 0^{-+} +γ$ in the covariant light-front quark model. We carry out the reduction of the light-front amplitude in the non-relativistic limit, explicitly computing the leading and next-to-leading order relativistic corrections. This shows the consistency of the light-front approach with the non-relativistic formula for this electric dipole transition. Furthermore, the theoretical uncertainty in the predicted width is studied as a function of the inputs for the heavy qua…
We revisit the constraints on primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range $10^{13}-10^{18}$ g by comparing the 100\,keV-5\,GeV gamma-ray background with isotropic flux from PBH Hawking radiation (HR). We investigate three effects that may update the constraints on the PBH abundance; i) reliably calculating the secondary spectra of HR for energy below 5\,GeV, ii) the contributions to the measured isotropic flux from the Galactic PBH HR and that from annihilation radiation due to evaporated positrons, iii) inclusion of astrophysical background from gamma-ray sources. The conservative constra…
We study the scalar bound states of $D^{\ast}\bar{D}^{\ast}$ and $B^{\ast}\bar{B}^{\ast}$ in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism, with the effective interaction kernel extracted from the chiral perturbative theory and the heavy quark effective theory in the ladder approximation and the covariant instantaneous approximation. The results show that, in the scalar case ($J=0$), there can only exist $I = 0$ bound states for parameters in proper range, while there cannot exist the $I = 1$ bound states in the whole reasonable parameter range, due to more constraints arising from our definition of the Bethe-…
In this work, we calculate the total cross sections and the center-of-mass frame angular distributions of the charmonium production plus a light meson by the low energy $p\bar{p}$ interaction. The results of $p\bar{p}\to π^0 Ψ$ with and without form factor (FF) indicate that the FF contribution in the calculation cannot be ignored. The obtained cross section of $p\bar{p}\to π^0 J/ψ$ with FF can fit the E760 data well. We also predict the total cross sections and the center-of-mass frame angular distributions of $p\bar{p}\to ωΨ$, which show that these physical quantities are dependent on Pauli …
We have performed an analysis of the $e^+ e^- \to D^{(*)} \bar D^{(*)}$ data in the region of the $ψ(4040)$ and $ψ(4160)$ resonances which have a substantial overlap and require special care. By using the $^3 P_0$ model to relate the different $D^{(*)} \bar D^{(*)}$ production modes, we make predictions for production of these channels and compare with experiment and other theoretical approaches. As a side effect we find that these resonances qualify largely as $c \bar c$ states and the weight of the meson-meson components in the wave function is very small.
In this article, we assume that the narrow structure X(4350) is a scalar $\bar{c}c-{D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$ mixing state, and study its mass using the QCD sum rules. The numerical result $M_X=(4.37\pm0.15)\,\rm{GeV}$ is in good agreement with the experimental data, the X(4350) may be a scalar $\bar{c}c-{D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$ mixing state. Other possibility, such as a scalar (tensor) $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark state is not excluded.
In this work, the intermeson interactions of double-beauty $\bar{B}\bar{B}$, $\bar{B}\bar{B}^\ast$, and $\bar{B}^\ast\bar{B}^\ast$ systems have been studied with heavy meson chiral effective field theory. The effective potentials are calculated with Weinberg's scheme up to one-loop level. At the leading order, four body contact interactions and one pion exchange contributions are considered. In addition to two pion exchange diagrams, we include the one-loop chiral corrections to contact terms and one pion exchange diagrams at the next-to-leading order. The behaviours of effective potentials bo…
Various phenomenological studies indicate that the mixing angle $θ_{K_1}$ of $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, the strange partners of the axial-vector mesons $a_1(1260)$ and $b_1(1235)$, respectively, lies in the vicinity of $35^\circ$ or $55^\circ$, but whether this angle is larger or smaller than $45^\circ$ still remains controversial. When the $f_1(1285)$-$f_1(1420)$ mixing angle $θ_{^3P_1}$ and the $h_1(1170)$-$h_1(1380)$ mixing angle $θ_{^1P_1}$ are determined from the mass relations, they depend on the masses of $K_{1A}$ and $K_{1B}$, which in turn depend on the mixing angle $θ_{K_1}$. We show tha…
Within the framework of QCD factorization (QCDF), we consider two different types of power correction effects in order to resolve the CP puzzles and rate deficit problems with penguin-dominated two-body decays of B mesons and color-suppressed tree-dominated $π^0π^0$ and $ρ^0π^0$ modes: penguin annihilation and soft corrections to the color-suppressed tree amplitude. We emphasize that the electroweak penguin solution to the $B\to Kπ$ CP puzzle via New Physics is irrelevant for solving the CP and rate puzzles related to tree-dominated decays. While some channels e.g. $K^-π^+,K^-ρ^0,π^+π^-,ρ^\pmπ…
We perform a systematic study of the fermionic DM absorption interactions on electron target in the context of effective field theory. The fermionic DM absorption is not just sensitive to sub-MeV DM with efficient energy release, but also gives a unique signature with clear peak in the electron recoil spectrum whose shape is largely determined by the atomic effects. Fitting with the Xenon1T and PandaX-II data prefers DM mass at $m_χ= 59$keV and 105keV, respectively, while the cut-off scale is probed up to around 1TeV. The DM overproduction in the early Universe, the invisible decay effect on t…
New physics contributions to the $Z$ penguin are revisited in the light of the recently-reported discrepancy of the direct CP violation in $K\toππ$. Interference effects between the standard model and new physics contributions to $ΔS = 2$ observables are taken into account. Although the effects are overlooked in the literature, they make experimental bounds significantly severer. It is shown that the new physics contributions must be tuned to enhance $\mathcal{B}(K_L \to π^{0} ν\barν)$, if the discrepancy of the direct CP violation is explained with satisfying the experimental constraints. The…
It is commonly believed that the lowest-lying scalar glueball lies somewhere in the isosinglet scalar mesons $f_0(1370), f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$ denoted generically by $f_{0}$. In this work we consider lattice calculations and experimental data to infer the glue and $q\bar q$ components of $f_0$. These include the calculations of the scalar glueball masses in quenched and unquenched lattice QCD, measurements of the radiative decays $J/ψ\toγf_{0}$, the ratio of $f_{0}$ decays to $ππ$ and $K\bar K$, the ratio of $J/ψ$ decays to $f_0(1710)ω$ and $f_0(1710)ϕ$, the $f_0$ contributions to $B_s\to…
We analyze the production of the neutral Higgs particles of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. We consider the two main production and detection channels: gluon--gluon and bottom quark fusion leading to Higgs bosons which subsequently decay into tau leptons, $gg, b\bar b \to {\rm Higgs} \to τ^+τ^-$. We update the production cross sections and the decay branching ratios and obtain production rates that are significantly smaller at high masses than the ones used by the CDF and D0 experiments in their search. We then evaluate the various …
The recent observation of two hidden-charm pentaquark states by LHCb collaborations prompted us to investigate the exotic states close to the $\bar{D}Λ_{\rm c}$, $\bar{D}^{\ast}Λ_{\rm c}$, $\bar{D}Σ_{\rm c}$, $\bar{D}Σ^{\ast}_{\rm c}$, $\bar{D}^{\ast}Σ_{\rm c}$ and $\bar{D}^{\ast}Σ^{\ast}_{\rm c}$ thresholds. We therefore studied the hadronic molecules that form the coupled-channel system of $\bar{D}^{(\ast)}Λ_{\rm c}$ and $\bar{D}^{(\ast)}Σ^{(\ast)}_{\rm c}$. As the heavy quark spin symmetry manifests the mass degenerations of $\bar{D}$ and $\bar{D}^\ast$ mesons, and of $Σ_{\rm c}$ and $Σ^\as…
We study the prospects of observing the non-resonant di-Higgs pair production in the Standard Model (SM) at the high luminosity run of the 14 TeV LHC (HL-LHC), upon combining multiple final states chosen on the basis of their yield and cleanliness. In particular, we consider the $b\bar{b}γγ, b\bar{b} τ^+ τ^-, b\bar{b} WW^*, WW^*γγ$ and $4W$ channels mostly focusing on final states with photons and/or leptons and study 11 final states. We employ multivariate analyses to optimise the discrimination between signal and backgrounds and find it performing better than simple cut-based analyses. The v…
Revisiting the $U(1)$-$CP$ tension in QCD from a 1PI-action perspective
Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University（诺迪塔，皇家理工学院和斯德哥尔摩大学）；The Niels Bohr Institute（尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；Dipt. di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università di Napoli Federico II（那不勒斯费德里科二世大学物理系“E. Pancini”）；Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Durham University（达勒姆大学粒子物理现象学研究所）；Centre for Quantum Fields and Gravity, Department of Physics, Swansea University（斯旺西大学物理系量子场与引力研究中心）；Theoretical Physics Department, CERN（欧洲核子研究组织理论物理部）；Collège de France（法兰西学院）；School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University（特拉维夫大学物理与天文学学院）
