干涉型引力波探测器中的量子关联测量
Quantum correlation measurements in interferometric gravitational wave detectors
摘要：
光的相位和振幅求积中的量子涨落限制了现代光学仪器的灵敏度。干涉型引力波探测器，如先进激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO）的灵敏度受到量子散粒噪声，量子辐射压力噪声和一组经典噪声的限制。我们展示了如何光的量子特性可以用来区分这些噪声使用相关技术。特别是，在本文的第一部分中，我们显示涂层的热噪声和气相噪声的估计，隐藏在先进的LIGO灵敏度曲线的量子散粒噪声。我们还对观测站在下一次科学运行中的灵敏度进行了预测。第二部分讨论了从经典噪声和散粒噪声散粒噪声背景中揭示量子辐射压力噪声的相关技术。我们将这种技术应用于第一次科学运行期间收集的高级LIGO数据，并首次通过实验估计了干涉仪中的量子相关性和量子辐射压力噪声。
英文摘要：
Quantum fluctuations in the phase and amplitude quadratures of light set limitations on the sensitivity of modern optical instruments. The sensitivity of the interferometric gravitational wave detectors, such as the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (LIGO), is limited by quantum shot noise, quantum radiation pressure noise, and a set of classical noises. We show how the quantum properties of light can be used to distinguish these noises using correlation techniques. Particularly, in the first part of the paper we show estimations of the coating thermal noise and gas phase noise, hidden below the quantum shot noise in the Advanced LIGO sensitivity curve. We also make projections on the observatory sensitivity during the next science runs. In the second part of the paper we discuss the correlation technique that reveals the quantum radiation pressure noise from the background of classical noises and shot noise. We apply this technique to the Advanced LIGO data, collected during the first science run, and experimentally estimate the quantum correlations and quantum radiation pressure noise in the interferometer for the first time.
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