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arXiv 1702.00736cs.FLcs.LO
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线性空间中的字方程

Word equations in linear space

Artur Jeż

摘要:

词方程的可满足性是形式语言和代数交叉中的一个重要问题:给定两个由字母和变量组成的序列,我们要决定是否存在变量的替换,使这个方程变成真正的字符串相等。这个问题的确切计算复杂性仍然是未知的,最好的下限和上限分别是NP和PSPACE。最近,一种新的再压缩技术被应用到这个问题上,简化了已知的证明,并将空间复杂度降低到(不确定性)O(nlog n)。本文证明了词方程的可满足性是在非确定线性空间中的,因此可满足的词方程的语言是上下文敏感的,并通过著名的Immerman-Szelepcsenyi定理证明了不可满足的词方程的语言也是上下文敏感的.我们使用已知的基于再压缩的算法,并另外采用霍夫曼编码的信件。然而,证明使用了对方程的片段如何相互依赖的分析,以及算法的非确定性选择的新策略,该策略使用了几个新的想法来限制字母所占用的空间。

英文摘要:

Satisfiability of word equations is an important problem in the intersection of formal languages and algebra: Given two sequences consisting of letters and variables we are to decide whether there is a substitution for the variables that turns this equation into true equality of strings. The exact computational complexity of this problem remains unknown, with the best lower and upper bounds being, respectively, NP and PSPACE. Recently, the novel technique of recompression was applied to this problem, simplifying the known proofs and lowering the space complexity to (nondeterministic) O(n log n). In this paper we show that satisfiability of word equations is in nondeterministic linear space, thus the language of satisfiable word equations is context-sensitive, and by the famous Immerman-Szelepcsenyi theorem: the language of unsatisfiable word equations is also context-sensitive. We use the known recompression-based algorithm and additionally employ Huffman coding for letters. The proof, however, uses analysis of how the fragments of the equation depend on each other as well as a new strategy for nondeterministic choices of the algorithm, which uses several new ideas to limit the space occupied by the letters.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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