实用推理与规范自治软件代理（完整版）
Practical Reasoning with Norms for Autonomous Software Agents (Full Edition)
摘要：
在动态环境中运行的自主软件代理需要不断地对追求其目标的行为进行推理，同时考虑可能对这些行为施加的规范。规范的实践推理支持代理人在给定的情况下决定什么是最好的。使实践推理具有挑战性的是代理人所追求的目标与代理人试图维护的规范之间的相互作用。我们提供了一种形式化，允许代理在存在可同时执行的持续性操作的情况下规划多个目标和规范。我们比较计划的基础上决策理论的概念（即效用），这样的效用增益的目标和效用损失的规范违反是这种比较的基础。最优计划集由最大化整体效用的计划组成，每个计划都可以由代理选择执行。我们在答案集编程中提供了我们的建议的实现，从而使我们能够以逻辑程序的形式来陈述原始问题，该逻辑程序可以查询具有特定属性的解决方案。实践证明，实施是合理和完整的。
英文摘要：
Autonomous software agents operating in dynamic environments need to constantly reason about actions in pursuit of their goals, while taking into consideration norms which might be imposed on those actions. Normative practical reasoning supports agents making decisions about what is best for them to (not) do in a given situation. What makes practical reasoning challenging is the interplay between goals that agents are pursuing and the norms that the agents are trying to uphold. We offer a formalisation to allow agents to plan for multiple goals and norms in the presence of durative actions that can be executed concurrently. We compare plans based on decision-theoretic notions (i.e. utility) such that the utility gain of goals and utility loss of norm violations are the basis for this comparison. The set of optimal plans consists of plans that maximise the overall utility, each of which can be chosen by the agent to execute. We provide an implementation of our proposal in Answer Set Programming, thus allowing us to state the original problem in terms of a logic program that can be queried for solutions with specific properties. The implementation is proven to be sound and complete.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
