We explore signatures of the non-Markovianity in the time-resolved energy transfer processes for quantum open systems. Focusing on typical systems such as the exact solvable damped Jaynes-Cummings model and the general spin-boson model, we establish quantitative links between the time-resolved energy current and the symmetric logarithmic derivative quantum Fisher information (SLD-QFI) flow, one of measures quantifying the non-Markovianity, within the framework of non-Markovian master equations in time-local forms. From the relationships, we find in the damped Jaynes-Cummings model that the SLD-QFI backflow from the reservoir to the system always correlates with an energy backflow, thus we can directly witness the non-Markovianity from the dynamics of the energy current. In the spin-boson model, the relation is built on the rotating-wave approximation, calibrated against exact numerical results, and proven reliable in the weak coupling regime. We demonstrate that whether the non-Markovianity guarantees the occurrence of an energy backflow depends on the bath spectral function. For the Ohmic and sub-Ohmic cases, we show that no energy backflow occurs and the energy current always flow out of the system even in the non-Markovian regime. While in the super-Ohmic case, we observe that the non-Markovian dynamics can induce an energy backflow.
Phenomenological memory-kernel master equations and time-dependent Markovian processes
具有记忆核的唯象主方程是否总是描述一个信息反向流动的非马尔可夫量子动力学？对系统过去状态的整合是非马尔可夫性的明确无误的标志吗？我们通过一个反例表明，情况并非总是如此。我们考虑两个常用的唯象积分-微分主方程描述的动力学自旋1/2的热浴。通过使用最近引入的度量来量化非马尔可夫性[H. P. Breuer，E.- M. Laine和J. Piilo，Phys. Rev. Lett. 103，210401（2009）]我们证明，只要方程保持其物理意义，非马尔可夫行为的关键特征不会出现在所考虑的内存内核主方程中。也就是说，没有从环境到开放系统的反向信息流。因此，在记忆核上的积分总是导致非马尔可夫动力学的假设，原来是脆弱的现象学近似。相反，所考虑的唯象方程能够描述与时间相关的马尔可夫过程相关的从系统到水库的时间相关的和单向的信息流。
Optical interferometric tools for probing memory effects
S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences（S. N. Bose 基础科学国家中心）；Indian Statistical Institute（印度统计研究所）；International Institute of Information Technology（国际信息技术学院）；Indian Institute of Technology Goa（印度理工学院果阿分校）
