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arXiv 1701.01583astro-ph.GA
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Milky Way核星团的三轴轨道模拟

Triaxial orbit-based modelling of the Milky Way Nuclear Star Cluster

A. Feldmeier-Krause, L. Zhu, N. Neumayer, G. van de Ven, P. T. de Zeeuw, R. Schödel

摘要:

我们利用史瓦西轨道叠加技术构造了银河系核星团的三轴动力学模型。我们拟合了Feldmeier等人(2014)提出的恒星运动学图。这些模型被用来约束超大质量黑洞的质量M_BH、动态质光比M/L和星系团的本征形状。我们的最佳拟合模型为M_BH =(3.0 + 1.1 - 1.3)x10^6 M_sun,M/L =(0.90 + 0.76 - 0.08)M_sun/ L_{sun,4.5micron},以及沿视线方向的簇压缩。我们的结果与利用开普勒轨道上恒星的运动直接测量超大质量黑洞质量的结果是一致的。质光比与其他星系在中红外波段的恒星星族研究结果一致。我们可能低估了M_BH而高估了星团的三轴性,这是由于观测效应造成的。空间半分辨的运动学数据和核星团内的消光使观测偏向于星团的近侧,并可能表现为核星团沿视线的压缩。我们导出了在半径r = 2 x r_eff = 8.4 pc的球内银河系核星团的总动力学质量M_MWNSC =(2.1 +-0.7 x10 ^7 M_sun)。最佳拟合模型是切向各向异性的中心r = 0.5-2 pc的核星团,但接近各向同性在更大的半径。我们的三轴模型能够恢复速度图中复杂的运动学子结构。

英文摘要:

We construct triaxial dynamical models for the Milky Way nuclear star cluster using Schwarzschild's orbit superposition technique. We fit the stellar kinematic maps presented in Feldmeier et al. (2014). The models are used to constrain the supermassive black hole mass M_BH, dynamical mass-to-light ratio M/L, and the intrinsic shape of the cluster. Our best-fitting model has M_BH = (3.0 +1.1 -1.3)x10^6 M_sun, M/L = (0.90 +0.76 -0.08) M_sun/L_{sun,4.5micron}, and a compression of the cluster along the line-of-sight. Our results are in agreement with the direct measurement of the supermassive black hole mass using the motion of stars on Keplerian orbits. The mass-to-light ratio is consistent with stellar population studies of other galaxies in the mid-infrared. It is possible that we underestimate M_BH and overestimate the cluster's triaxiality due to observational effects. The spatially semi-resolved kinematic data and extinction within the nuclear star cluster bias the observations to the near side of the cluster, and may appear as a compression of the nuclear star cluster along the line-of-sight. We derive a total dynamical mass for the Milky Way nuclear star cluster of M_MWNSC = (2.1 +-0.7)x10^7 M_sun within a sphere with radius r = 2 x r_eff = 8.4 pc. The best-fitting model is tangentially anisotropic in the central r = 0.5-2 pc of the nuclear star cluster, but close to isotropic at larger radii. Our triaxial models are able to recover complex kinematic substructures in the velocity map.

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