与工艺无关的强运行联轴器
Process-independent strong running coupling
摘要：
我们统一了两种截然不同的方法来理解量子色动力学（QCD）的红外行为，一种基本上是唯象的，基于数据，另一种是计算的，通过连续理论中的量子场方程来实现。利用后者，我们解释和计算了QCD的过程无关的运行耦合，一种新型的有效电荷，它是量子电动力学中的Gell-Mann-Low有效耦合的模拟。这一结果与通过比约肯求和规则定义的过程相关有效电荷几乎相同，比约肯求和规则提供了我们对核子自旋结构知识的最基本限制之一。这表明Bjorken和是一种接近直接的方法，通过它可以获得对QCD的Gell-Mann-Low有效电荷的经验洞察。
英文摘要：
We unify two widely different approaches to understanding the infrared behaviour of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), one essentially phenomenological, based on data, and the other computational, realised via quantum field equations in the continuum theory. Using the latter, we explain and calculate a process-independent running-coupling for QCD, a new type of effective charge that is an analogue of the Gell-Mann--Low effective coupling in quantum electrodynamics. The result is almost identical to the process-dependent effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule, which provides one of the most basic constraints on our knowledge of nucleon spin structure. This reveals the Bjorken sum to be a near direct means by which to gain empirical insight into QCD's Gell-Mann--Low effective charge.
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