偏振角的约定
The conventions for the polarization angle
摘要：
一个多世纪以来，天文学家测量偏振椭圆长轴的位置角，从北方向开始，逆时针方向增加，当看源时。国际天文学联合会于1973年通过一项决议强制执行了这项公约。很久以后，观测到宇宙微波背景偏振的WMAP卫星不幸地采用了相反的惯例：偏振位置角是从南方开始测量的，当观察源时，顺时针方向增加。大多数宇宙微波背景极化实验都遵循了这一相反的惯例，这引起了明显的问题和误解。本文介绍了国际天文学联合会执行正式公约的尝试和前景。
英文摘要：
Since more than a century astronomers measure the position angle of the major axis of the polarization ellipse starting from the North direction and increasing counter-clockwise, when looking at the source. This convention has been enforced by the IAU with a Resolution in 1973. Much later the WMAP satellite, which has observed the polarization of the cosmic microwave background, has unfortunately adopted the opposite convention: the polarization position angle is measured starting from the South and increasing clockwise, when looking at the source. This opposite convention has been followed by most cosmic microwave background polarization experiments and is causing obvious problems and misunderstandings. The attempts and prospects to enforce the official IAU convention are described.
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