arXiv 1612.019852016-12-06astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR

倾斜轨道上的行星与原行星盘之间的引力相互作用是原始自旋-轨道不对准的起源

The gravitational interaction between planets on inclined orbits and protoplanetary disks as the origin of primordial spin--orbit misalignments

Titos Matsakos, Arieh Königl

备注：: Accepted for publication in AJ
DOI：: 10.3847/1538-3881/153/2/60

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摘要：

许多观测到的系外行星的自旋-轨道对齐特性可以在原始盘错位模型的背景下解释，在该模型中，最初对齐的原行星盘被偏离轨道的遥远恒星伴星扭转，导致岁差运动，这可能导致自旋-轨道角的大幅度振荡。我们考虑这个模型的一个变种，其中的同伴是一个巨大的行星，轨道半径为几个天文单位。在已发表的数值模拟结果的指导下，我们通过将磁盘划分为内部和外部部分来模拟该系统的动态演化-在行星的位置处分离-表现为不同的刚性磁盘。我们表明，即使外盘的方向保持不变，行星也会偏离内盘。除了由岁差运动引起的振荡，其幅度越大，初始内盘与行星的质量比越小，自旋轨道角也表现出长期增长，在这种情况下-由正在进行的质量消耗驱动从磁盘-当内盘的角动量下降到行星的角动量以下时，这变得很重要。总之，这两种效应可以产生显着的失准角的内盘，包括逆行配置。我们讨论这些结果的框架内的搁浅热木星的情况下，并考虑其影响，包括碎片磁盘的对齐属性的解释。

英文摘要：

Many of the observed spin--orbit alignment properties of exoplanets can be explained in the context of the primordial disk misalignment model, in which an initially aligned protoplanetary disk is torqued by a distant stellar companion on a misaligned orbit, resulting in a precessional motion that can lead to large-amplitude oscillations of the spin--orbit angle. We consider a variant of this model in which the companion is a giant planet with an orbital radius of a few au. Guided by the results of published numerical simulations, we model the dynamical evolution of this system by dividing the disk into inner and outer parts---separated at the location of the planet---that behave as distinct, rigid disks. We show that the planet misaligns the inner disk even as the orientation of the outer disk remains unchanged. In addition to the oscillations induced by the precessional motion, whose amplitude is larger the smaller the initial inner-disk-to-planet mass ratio, the spin--orbit angle also exhibits a secular growth in this case---driven by ongoing mass depletion from the disk---that becomes significant when the inner disk's angular momentum drops below that of the planet. Altogether, these two effects can produce significant misalignment angles for the inner disk, including retrograde configurations. We discuss these results within the framework of the Stranded Hot Jupiter scenario and consider their implications, including to the interpretation of the alignment properties of debris disks.

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