We analyze a method for preparing low-entropy many-body states in isolated quantum optical systems of atoms, ions and molecules. Our approach is based upon shifting entropy between different regions of a system by spatially modulating the magnitude of the effective Hamiltonian. We conduct two case studies, on a topological spin chain and the spinful fermionic Hubbard model, focusing on the key question: can a "conformal cooling quench" remove sufficient entropy within experimentally accessible timescales? Finite temperature, time-dependent matrix product state calculations reveal that even moderately sized "bath" regions can remove enough energy and entropy density to expose coherent low temperature physics. The protocol is particularly natural in systems with long-range interactions such lattice-trapped polar molecules and Rydberg dressed atoms where the magnitude of the Hamiltonian scales directly with the density. To this end, we propose a simple implementation of conformal cooling quenches in a dilutely-filled optical lattice, where signatures of quantum magnetism can be observed.
Prethermal cooling with many-body quantum quenches
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology（加州理工学院量子信息物质研究所）；Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland（马里兰大学联合量子研究所）；Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen（哥廷根大学理论物理研究所）
Crossover from adiabatic to sudden interaction quenches in the Hubbard model: Prethermalization and nonequilibrium dynamics
最近在光晶格中的凝聚态模型的实验实现激发了对其非平衡行为的研究。基于有效BCS哈密顿量，已经对配对相互作用突然猝灭后超导体的动力学进行了预测;然而，它们的实验验证需要沿着双重约束制备哈伯德模型的合适激发态：（i）充分非绝热的斜坡方案对于激发非平衡动力学是必要的，以及（ii）必须避免超过超导性的临界温度的过热。对于通常讨论的相互作用斜坡，相应的能量尺度没有明确的分离。在这里，我们表明，这两个条件的匹配被简化的超冷费米子系统的内在弛豫行为：对于一个特殊的例子，我们检查的线性斜坡的预热化的瞬态制度[M。Moeckel和S. Kehrein，Phys. Rev. Lett. 100，175702（2008）]在使用Keldysh微扰理论从突然切换到绝热切换的交叉下。的动量分布的实时分析表现出早期的能量弛豫和后来的热化散射事件的时间分离。对于长但有限的斜升时间，该间隔可能很大。在预热化制度的动量分布类似于零温度费米液体的能量插入的斜坡仍然位于高能量模式。因此，超冷费米子被证明对加热具有鲁棒性，这简化了光晶格中非平衡BCS动力学的观察。
