格点中玻色子绝热冷却到磁有序
Adiabatic cooling of bosons in lattices to magnetic ordering
摘要：
我们提出并分析了一个新的方案，冷却玻色子原子到picokelvin温度，这应该允许观察磁有序通过超交换在光晶格。起始点是一个被称为自旋莫特相的带隙相，其中每个位置被一个自旋向上和一个自旋向下的原子占据。绝热斜坡导致xy-铁磁相。我们表明，与时间相关的密度矩阵重整化群方法与量子轨道的组合，可以用来充分解决可能的实验限制，由于退相干，并证明磁相关性是强大的实验可实现的斜坡速度。利用多粒子系统中光散射的微观主方程处理，我们测试了绝热态制备对退相干的鲁棒性。由于不同的基态对称性，我们还发现了一个亚稳态xy-铁磁有序的斜坡跨越制度的基态是一个z-铁磁。玻色子自旋莫特相作为绝热冷却的初始带隙态，与费米子带绝缘体有许多共同的特征，但玻色子的使用应该使实验具有显著较低的初始熵。
英文摘要：
We suggest and analyze a new scheme to adiabatically cool bosonic atoms to picokelvin temperatures which should allow the observation of magnetic ordering via superexchange in optical lattices. The starting point is a gapped phase called the spin Mott phase where each site is occupied by one spin-up and one spin-down atom. An adiabatic ramp leads to an xy-ferromagnetic phase. We show that the combination of time-dependent density matrix renormalization group methods with quantum trajectories can be used to fully address possible experimental limitations due to decoherence, and demonstrate that the magnetic correlations are robust for experimentally realizable ramp speeds. Using a microscopic master equation treatment of light scattering in the many-particle system, we test the robustness of adiabatic state preparation against decoherence. Due to different ground-state symmetries, we also find a metastable state with xy-ferromagnetic order if the ramp crosses to regimes where the ground state is a z-ferromagnet. The bosonic spin Mott phase as the initial gapped state for adiabatic cooling has many features in common with a fermionic band insulator, but the use of bosons should enable experiments with substantially lower initial entropies.
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