二维内爆的动力学粒子模拟
2D Implosion Simulations with a Kinetic Particle Code
摘要：
我们使用蒙特卡罗动力学粒子代码进行二维（2D）内爆模拟。非平衡效应在惯性约束聚变（ICF）密封舱内爆中的重要性是本文研究的出发点。这些不能完全捕获的流体动力学模拟，而动力学方法，在这项研究中提出的一个，能够描述连续和稀薄的制度在一个方法。在过去，我们的代码已经通过传统的冲击波和流体不稳定性模拟验证。在目前的工作中，我们专注于更接近ICF中的应用程序的设置。我们进行简单的二维磁盘内爆模拟使用一个粒子种类。所得到的结果进行了比较，使用流体动力学代码的模拟。在第一项研究中，内爆是由磁盘外层的能量沉积提供动力的。我们测试的粒子的平均自由程的影响，并发现，而内爆冲击的宽度加宽，其位置作为时间的函数仍然非常相似。在第二项研究中，我们专注于诱导扰动流体不稳定性的形成。我们发现很好的协议与流体动力学研究的冲击，内爆动力学的位置和形成强加的流体不稳定性。差异是由于在动力学模拟中较高的分辨率和统计噪声。目前的研究代表了原理的证明，并作为未来更复杂的ICF模拟的垫脚石。
英文摘要：
We perform two-dimensional (2D) implosion simulations using a Monte Carlo kinetic particle code. The paper is motivated by the importance of non-equilibrium effects in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule implosions. These cannot be fully captured by hydrodynamic simulations while kinetic methods, as the one presented in this study, are able to describe continuum and rarefied regimes within one approach. In the past, our code has been verified via traditional shock wave and fluid instability simulations. In the present work, we focus on setups that are closer to applications in ICF. We perform simple 2D disk implosion simulations using one particle species. The obtained results are compared to simulations using the hydrodynamics code RAGE. In a first study, the implosions are powered by energy deposition in the outer layers of the disk. We test the impact of the particle mean-free-path and find that while the width of the implosion shock broadens, its location as a function of time remains very similar. In a second study, we focus on the formation of fluid instabilities from induced perturbations. We find good agreement with hydrodynamic studies regarding the location of the shock, the implosion dynamics and the formation of imposed fluid instabilities. Differences are due to the higher resolution of RAGE and statistical noise in the kinetic simulations. The current studies represent proofs-of-principle and serve as a stepping stone for more sophisticated ICF simulations in the future.
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