arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1611.04540astro-ph.SR
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威尔逊山天文台太阳S指数

The Mount Wilson Observatory S-index of the Sun

Ricky Egeland, Willie Soon, Sallie Baliunas, Jeffrey C. Hall, Alexei A. Pevtsov, Luca Bertello

摘要:

最常用的恒星磁活动指数是威尔逊山天文台(MWO)香港项目开发的单离子钙H & K线核心发射的仪器通量标度S,或衍生指数R '_HK。准确地将太阳放在S尺度上对于比较太阳和类太阳恒星的活动是很重要的。我们提出了以前未发表的测量反射太阳光从月球上使用第二代MWO HK光度计在太阳活动周期23和确定周期最小值S_min,23 = 0.1634 +/- 0.0008,幅度Δ S_23 = 0.0143 +/- 0.0012,平均值<S_23>= 0.1701 +/- 0.0005。通过建立一个代理关系密切相关的国家太阳天文台萨克拉门托峰钙钾排放指数,本身与Kodaikanal天文台谱斑指数良好相关,我们扩展的MWO S时间序列覆盖周期15-24,平均发现<S_min>= 0.1621 +/- 0.0008,<Delta S_cyc>= 0.0145 +/- 0.0012,<S_cyc>= 0.1694 +/- 0.0005。我们的测量结果比以前的估计有所改进,以前的估计依赖于恒星测量或太阳代理与非重叠的时间序列。我们发现这些结果与洛厄尔天文台的太阳-恒星光谱仪(一种独立校准的仪器)的测量结果非常一致,这给了我们额外的信心,我们已经准确地将太阳置于S指数通量尺度上。

英文摘要:

The most commonly used index of stellar magnetic activity is the instrumental flux scale of singly-ionized calcium H & K line core emission, S, developed by the Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO) HK Project, or the derivative index R'_HK. Accurately placing the Sun on the S scale is important for comparing solar activity to that of the Sun-like stars. We present previously unpublished measurements of the reflected sunlight from the Moon using the second-generation MWO HK photometer during solar cycle 23 and determine cycle minimum S_min,23 = 0.1634 +/- 0.0008, amplitude Delta S_23 = 0.0143 +/- 0.0012, and mean <S_23> = 0.1701 +/- 0.0005. By establishing a proxy relationship with the closely related National Solar Observatory Sacramento Peak calcium K emission index, itself well-correlated with the Kodaikanal Observatory plage index, we extend the MWO S time series to cover cycles 15-24 and find on average <S_min> = 0.1621 +/- 0.0008, <Delta S_cyc> = 0.0145 +/- 0.0012, <S_cyc> = 0.1694 +/- 0.0005. Our measurements represent an improvement over previous estimates which relied on stellar measurements or solar proxies with non-overlapping time series. We find good agreement from these results with measurements by the Solar-Stellar Spectrograph at Lowell Observatory, an independently calibrated instrument, which gives us additional confidence that we have accurately placed the Sun on the S-index flux scale.

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