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arXiv 1610.06264cs.DB
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现代图数据库查询语言的基础

Foundations of Modern Query Languages for Graph Databases

Renzo Angles, Marcelo Arenas, Pablo Barcelo, Aidan Hogan, Juan Reutter, Domagoj Vrgoc

摘要:

我们调查现代图查询语言的基本特征。我们首先讨论两种流行的图数据模型:边标记图,其中节点由有向的标记边连接;和属性图,其中节点和边可以进一步具有属性。接下来,我们讨论两个最基本的图查询功能:图模式和导航表达式。我们从图模式开始,其中图结构的查询与数据相匹配。此后,我们讨论导航表达式,其中模式可以递归地匹配到图中导航路径的任意长度,我们给出了一个概述什么样的表达式已经提出,以及它们如何可以与图形模式相结合。我们还讨论了几个语义下,使用以前的功能查询可以进行评估,什么影响的功能和语义的选择对复杂性,并提供这样的功能在三个现代语言的例子,用于查询图:SPARQL,Cypher和Gremlin。最后,我们讨论的重要性,形式化的图形查询语言;一个总结什么是已知的SPARQL,Cypher和Gremlin的表达性和复杂性方面;和该地区的未来可能的发展方向的大纲。

英文摘要:

We survey foundational features underlying modern graph query languages. We first discuss two popular graph data models: edge-labelled graphs, where nodes are connected by directed, labelled edges; and property graphs, where nodes and edges can further have attributes. Next we discuss the two most fundamental graph querying functionalities: graph patterns and navigational expressions. We start with graph patterns, in which a graph-structured query is matched against the data. Thereafter we discuss navigational expressions, in which patterns can be matched recursively against the graph to navigate paths of arbitrary length; we give an overview of what kinds of expressions have been proposed, and how they can be combined with graph patterns. We also discuss several semantics under which queries using the previous features can be evaluated, what effects the selection of features and semantics has on complexity, and offer examples of such features in three modern languages that are used to query graphs: SPARQL, Cypher and Gremlin. We conclude by discussing the importance of formalisation for graph query languages; a summary of what is known about SPARQL, Cypher and Gremlin in terms of expressivity and complexity; and an outline of possible future directions for the area.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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