以速溶咖啡为例研究胶体体系中水诱导的自振荡过程
Water-induced self-oscillatory processes in colloidal systems by the example of instant coffee
摘要：
通过早期开发的干燥液滴技术，已经发现速溶咖啡水溶液的干燥液滴的机械性能的缓慢的长期波动。波动的参数取决于稀释程度，不受溶液的额外散列的影响，通过盖子封闭并屏蔽外部电磁场[1-3]。在这里，我们比较了散装的物理化学和形态过程的动力学。我们观察到微观周期性的出现，生长，聚集和消失的球形空腔（直径50-250微米）在大部分的分散体，这是由商定的物理化学参数的胶体系统的波动。我们已经表明，这些球是巨大的水合物覆盖的液晶水周围的胶体颗粒。胶体体系中自由水和结合水（液晶）之间的相变是其物理化学性质波动的起搏器。这些变化受渗透压值的调节和协调。在低渗透压下，水合物覆盖物生长，迫使颗粒和离子进入主体;在高渗透压下，它们塌陷成小尺寸，降低渗透压。通过数学模型证实了自振荡过程的存在。
英文摘要：
Slow long-lived fluctuations of mechanical properties of drying drops of instant coffee water solutions have been found by means of the Drying Drop Technology developed earlier. Parameters of the fluctuations depended on the extent of dilution and were not affected by additional hashing of the solution, closing by a cover and shielding from external electromagnetic fields [1-3]. Here we compared dynamics of physicochemical and morphological processes in bulk. We observed microscopically periodic emergence, growth, aggregation and disappearance of spherical cavities (50-250 micrometers in diameter) in bulk of dispersion, which was followed by agreed fluctuations of physicochemical parameters of the colloidal system. We have shown that those spheres were huge hydrate covers of liquid crystal water around colloidal particles. Phase transitions between free and bound (liquid crystal) water in a bulk of a colloidal system is a pacemaker of fluctuations of its physicochemical properties. These changes are regulated and coordinated by the value of osmotic pressure. At low osmotic pressure hydrate covers grow, forcing out particles and ions into the bulk; at high osmotic pressure they collapse to small size, reducing osmotic pressure. Existence of self-oscillatory processes was confirmed by a mathematical model.
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