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arXiv 0903.2808cond-mat.soft
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二维胶体模型系统的实验实现

The experimental realization of a two-dimensional colloidal model system

F. Ebert, P. Dillmann, G. Maret, P. Keim

摘要:

我们提出的技术细节的实验方法来实现一个模型系统的二维相变和玻璃化转变。该系统由数十万个胶体超顺磁性粒子组成,这些粒子受重力限制在悬垂水滴的平坦水-气界面处,在那里它们经受布朗运动。偶极对电势以及因此的系统温度不仅是精确已知的,而且是经由外部磁场B直接和瞬时可控的。在单分散颗粒的单组分系统的情况下,该系统可以在施加B时结晶,而在双组分系统中,它经历玻璃化转变。多达10000个粒子观察到视频显微镜和图像处理提供了它们的轨迹上的所有相对长度和时间尺度。界面的位置被主动调节,从而将表面波动减少到小于1微米,并且设置倾斜度被控制到1微拉德的精度。样品的质量是必要的,使实验研究的2D熔化的情况下,2D结晶,和2D玻璃化转变,进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

We present the technical details of an experimental method to realize a model system for 2D phase transitions and the glass transition. The system consists of several hundred thousand colloidal super-paramagnetic particles confined by gravity at a flat water-air interface of a pending water droplet where they are subjected to Brownian motion. The dipolar pair potential and therefore the system temperature is not only known precisely but also directly and instantaneously controllable via an external magnetic field B. In case of a one component system of monodisperse particles the system can crystallize upon application of B whereas in a two component system it undergoes a glass transition. Up to 10000 particles are observed by video microscopy and image processing provides their trajectories on all relative length and time scales. The position of the interface is actively regulated thereby reducing surface fluctuations to less than one micron and the setup inclination is controlled to an accuracy of 1 microrad. The sample quality being necessary to enable the experimental investigation of the 2D melting scenario, 2D crystallization, and the 2D glass transition, is discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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