In the frame of a systematic study of excitation functions of deuteron induced reactions the excitation functions of the $^{133}$Cs(d,x)$^{133m,133mg,131mg}$Ba, ${134,132}$Cs and $^{129m}$Xe nuclear reactions were measured up to 40 MeV deuteron energies by using the stacked foil irradiation technique and $γ$-ray spectroscopy of activated samples. The results were compared with calculations performed with the theoretical nuclear reaction codes ALICE-IPPE-D, EMPIRE II-D and TALYS calculation listed in the TENDL-2014 library. A moderate agreement was obtained. Based on the integral yields deduced from our measured cross sections, production of $^{131}$Cs via the $^{133}$Cs(d,4n)$^{131}$Ba $\longrightarrow$ $^{131}$Cs reaction and $^{133}$Ba via $^{133}$Cs(d,2n) reactions is discussed in comparison with other charged particle production routes.
Aluminium is used as energy degrader or catcher foil or as backing material in nuclear physics experiments. Excitations functions of 27Al+ 20Ne reaction in the projectile energy range 49-166 MeV were measured using stacked foil technique. Various evaporation residues such as 43,44Sc, 41Ar, 34m,38Cl, etc., were identified in the matrix.
Activation cross-sections of deuterons induced reactions on Nb targets were determined with the aim of different applications and comparison with theoretical models.
The 12C(20Ne,16O)16O α-transfer reaction at Elab=150 MeV is first time used to determine the ANC of the 6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV states of 16O. The 20Ne+ 12C potential parameters are also obtained from elastic scattering. The direct reaction code FRESCO is used to determine the α-spectroscopy factor (Sα ) of the three states of 16O (6.92 MeV, 7.12 MeV and 11.52 MeV) and ANC of the two states (6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV) of 16O. The extracted ANC and Sα are compareable to previous measurements.
The absolute cross section for the complete fusion and the total reaction cross section as a function of the charge of the heavy residue have been indirectly estimated for the reaction $^{18}$O+$^{12}$C at 16.7 MeV/nucleon. Data have been collected with the GARFIELD+RCo setup at LNL (Italy). The mbarn/count normalization factor has been extracted using the statistical model HF$\ell$ (Hauser-Feshbach light).
The cross sections for (γ,xn) reactions at 30 MeV and 40 MeV bremsstrahlung end-point energies on natural rhenium (natRe) targets have been measured by the activation and the off-line γ-ray spectrometric techniques using a High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The measured natRe(γ,xn) reaction cross sections were compared to the theoretically calculated cross sections using TALYS 1.9 and EMPIRE 3.2 computer codes. The measurements allowed the determination of the Isomeric Cross section Ratios (ICR) for the 184m,g Re and 182m,gRe isomeric pairs. In addition, we have determined a semi-empirical…
Activation cross sections of the natEr(d,x)163,165,166,167,168,170Tm and natEr(d,x)171,161Er nuclear reactions have been measured in the 32-50 MeV energy range, above 40 MeV for the first time. The activation method with stacked foil irradiation technique and gamma-ray spectroscopy were used. The experimental cross sections were compared with the theoretical predictions in the TENDL-2015 library.
Excitation function of proton induced nuclear reactions on lead for production of $^{206,205,204,203,202,201g}$Bi, $^{203cum,202m,201cum}$Pb and $^{202cum,201cum,200cum,199cum}$Tl radionuclides were measured up to 36 MeV by using activation method, stacked foil irradiation technique and $γ$-ray spectrometry. The new experimental data were compared with the few earlier experimental results and with the predictions of the EMPIRE3.1, ALICE-IPPE (MENDL2p) and TALYS (TENDL-2012) theoretical reaction codes.
Excitation functions were measured for the natSr(d,x)88,87m,87g,86g,85gY, 87m,85g,83g,82Sr, 86g,84g,83,82m, 81gRb reactions by the stacked foil activation technique and high-resolution gamma-spectrometry up to 50 MeV. We present the first experimental activation cross section data for all investigated reactions. Our experimental data are compared with the TALYS code results as available in the TENDL-2015 on-line library. Use of deuteron induced reactions on Sr for production of medical isotopes is discussed.
Experimental cross sections are presented for the 159Tb(p,xn)153,155,157,159Dy, 152,153,155,156m2,m1,g,158Tb and 153,151Gd nuclear reactions up to 65 MeV. The experimental results are compared with the recently reported experimental data and with the results of the nuclear reaction codes ALICE-IPPE, EMPIRE and TALYS as reported in the TENDL-2015 on-line library. Integral thick-target yields are also derived for the reaction products used in practical applications and production routes are discussed.
The 15N(p,n) reaction is a promising candidate for the production of monoenergetic neutrons with energies of up to 5.7 MeV at the facilities where the T(p,n)3He reaction cannot be used. The characteristic properties of this reaction were studied focusing on its suitability as a source of monoenergetic neutrons for the measurement of differential scattering cross sections in the neutron energy range of 2 MeV to 5 MeV. For this purpose differential and integral cross sections were measured and the choice of optimum target conditions was investigated. The reaction has already been used successful…
This paper reports a new route for production of 190-193Au radionuclides from natW target. For the first time the production cross section of 11B induced reactions on tungsten for production of 190-193Au were measured up to 63 MeV boron energy. High cross section was observed for 190,192Au at the highest energy where as 191,193Au showed moderate cross section values. The experimentally obtained cross sections were compared with the predictions of the PACE4 and EMPIRE3.2.2 code.
In the frame of a systematic study of the activation cross sections of charged particle induced nuclear reactions on rare earths for production of therapeutic radionuclides, proton induced reactions on neodymium were measured up to 65 MeV energy, above 45 MeV for the first time. The excitation functions of the natNd(p,x)150,149,148m,148g,146,144,143,141Pm, 149,147,141,140,139m,138Nd, 142,138mPr and 139gCe nuclear reactions were assessed by using stacked foil activation technique and high resolution gamma-spectrometry. The excitation functions were compared to the theoretical predictions, avail…
Excitation functions were measured for the $^{nat}$Ag(d,x)$^{105,104}$Cd, $^{110m,108m,106m,105g,104g}$Ag and $^{101}$Pd, $^{105,101m}$Rh reactions over the energy range 33 50 MeV by using the stacked foil activation technique and subsequent high-resolution gamma spectrometry. We present the first experimental cross section data above 40 MeV for all of these reactions and the first experimental cross section data for $^{nat}$Ag(d,x)$^{108m,104g}$Ag and $^{105,103}$Rh. The experimental data are compared with results of the model calculations performed with the ALICE D, EMPIRE D theoretical nucl…
Background. The $^{12}$C$(α,γ)^{16}$O reaction plays a fundamental role in astrophysics and needs to be known with accuracy better than 10%. Cascade $γ$ transitions through the excited states of $^{16}$O are contributing to the uncertainty. Purpose. To constrain the contribution of the 0$^+$ (6.05 MeV) and 3$^-$ (6.13 MeV) cascade transitions. Method. The $α$ Asymptotic Normalization Coefficient for these states were measured using the $α$-transfer reaction $^{12}$C$(^6$Li,$d)^{16}$O at sub-Coulomb energies. Results. The 0$^+$ and 3$^-$ cascade transitions contribution was found to be 1.96$\pm…
Cross-sections for the proton-induced reactions on natural neodymium in energy regions 5-10 MeV and 30-35 MeV were measured using the cyclotron U-120M at the Nuclear Physics Institute at Rez near Prague. This measurement completes the investigation previously done in the 10-30 MeV energy range. Results revealed practical production thresholds and secondary maxima and minima in the excitation functions. It allowed for more appropriate calculation of thick target yields and production rates of many longer-lived radionuclides potentially disturbing the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. M…
Activation cross sections of deuteron induced reactions on ytterbium for production of $^{177g,173,172,171,170,169,167}$Lu, $^{177,175,169}$Yb and $^{173,168,167,165}$Tm were extended up to 50 MeV deuteron energy. The new data are in acceptable agreement with the earlier experimental data in the overlapping energy region. The experimental data are compared with the predictions of the ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS 1.4 (TENDL-2013 on-line library results) codes.
In the frame of a systematical study of light ion induced nuclear reactions on platinum, activation cross sections for deuteron induced reactions were investigated. Excitation functions were measured in the 20.8 - 49.2 MeV energy range for the natPt(d,xn)191,192,193,194,195,196m2,196g,198g,199Au, natPt(d,x)188,189,191,195m,197m,197gPt and natPt(d,x)189,190,192,194m2Ir reactions by using the stacked foil irradiation technique. The experimental results are compared with previous results from the literature and with the theoretical predictions in the TENDL-2014 and TENDL-2015 libraries. The appli…
Activation cross-sections for deuteron induced reactions on Sm are presented for the first time for $^{nat}$Sm(d,xn)$^{155,154,152m2,152m1,152g,150m,150g,149,148,147,146}$Eu, $^{nat}$Sm(d,x)$^{153,145}$Sm and $^{nat}$Sm(d,x)$^{151,150,149,145,144,143}$Pm up to 50 MeV. The cross-sections were measured by the stacked-foil irradiation technique and high resolution $γ$-ray spectrometry. The results were compared with results of nuclear reaction codes ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS (from TENDL libraries). Integral yields of the products were calculated from the excitation functions.
Excitation functions were measured in the 31 - 49.2 MeV energy range for the natPd(d,xn)111,110m,106m,105,104g,103Ag, natPd(d,x) 111m,109,101,100Pd, natPd(d,x), 105,102m,102g,101m,101g,100,99m,99gRh and natPd(d,x)103,97Ru nuclear reactions by using the stacked foil irradiation technique. The experimental results are compared with our previous results and with the theoretical predictions calculated with the ALICE-D, EMPIRE-D and TALYS (TENDL libraries) codes.
Activation cross sections of proton induced reactions on gold for production of $^{197m,197g,195m,195g, 193m,193g,192}$Hg, $^{196m,196g(cum),195g(cum),194,191(cum)}$Au, $^{191(cum)}$Pt and $^{192}$Ir were measured up to 65 MeV proton energy, some of them for the first time. The new data are in acceptably good agreement with the recently published earlier experimental data in the overlapping energy region. The experimental data are compared with the predictions of the TALYS 1.6 (results in TENDL-2015 on-line library) and EMPIRE 3.2 code.
Activation cross-sections of deuteron induced reactions on natGd up to 50 MeV
首次给出了natGd（d，xn）161，160，156（m+），154，154 m ~ 1，154 m ~ 2，153，152（m+），151（m+）Tb，natGd（d，x）159，153，151 Gd和natGd（d，x）156 Eu反应从各自阈值到50 MeV的激活截面。的截面的堆叠箔照射技术，并通过使用高分辨率伽马射线光谱测量。将实测值与用计算机程序ALICE-D、EMPIRE-D和TPENS（数据来自TENDL库）计算的理论模型结果进行了比较。由激发函数推导出反应产物的积分产率。
As suggested in a Comment by Peters, Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 96}, 029801 (2017), a correction is applied to the $^{13}$C($α$,n)$^{16}$O data of Harissopulos {\it et al.}, Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 72}, 062801(R) (2005). The correction refers to the energy-dependent efficiency of the neutron detector and appears only above the ($α$,n$_1$) threshold of the $^{13}$C($α$,n)$^{16}$O reaction at about $E_α\approx 5$ MeV. The corrected data are lower than the original data by almost a factor of two. The correction method is verified using recent neutron spectroscopy data and data from the reverse $^{16}$O(n,$α…
New experimental excitation functions for proton induced reactions on natW are presented in the 32- 65 MeV energy range. The cross sections for natW(p,xn)186,184,183,182m,182g,181Re, naW(p,x)178W, natW(p,x)183,182,180m,177,176,175Ta, 175Hf, 177Lu were measured via an activation method by using a stacked-foil irradiation technique and high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. The results were compared with predicted values obtained with the nuclear reaction model code TALYS (results taken from TENDL-2014 and TENDL-2015 on-line library). Production routes of the medically relevant radionuclides 18…
Cross-sections of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on lead were measured up to 50 MeV using the standard stacked foil irradiation technique and high resolution $γ$-ray spectrometry. Experimental cross-sections and derived integral yields are presented for the $^{nat}$Pb(d,x)$^{206,205,204,203,202}$Bi, $^{203cum,202m,201cum}$Pb and $^{202cum,201cum}$Tl reactions. The experimental data were compared with the results from literature and with the data in the TENDL-2013 library (obtained with TALYS code). The cross-section data were analyzed also with the theoretical results calculated by using t…
Investigations of cross-sections of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on gold were extended up to 50 MeV by using the standard stacked foil irradiation technique and high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. New cross-sections are reported for the $^{197}$Au(d,xn)$^{197m,197g,195m,195g,193m,193g}$Hg and $^{197}$Au(d,x)$^{198m,198g,196m,196g,195,194}$Au nuclear reactions. The application for production of the medically relevant isotopes $^{198}$Au and $^{195m,195g,197m,197g}$Hg is discussed, including the comparison with other charged particle induced production routes. The possible use of the $…
Activation cross sections of the natLa(p,x)139,137m,137g,135,134,133mCe, natLa(p,x)135,134,133La and 133m,133g,131Ba nuclear reactions have been measured experimentally, for the first time (except 139Ce). Cross-sections in the 34-64 MeV energy range were obtained through an activation method combining the stacked foil irradiation technique and gamma-ray spectrometry. The experimental cross sections were compared with the theoretical prediction in the TENDL-2014 and TENDL-2015, TALYS based libraries. Applications in the field of medical radionuclides production is discussed.
Activation cross sections for proton induced reactions on Sm are presented for the first time for $^{nat}$Sm(p,xn)$^{154,152m2,152m1,152g,150m,150g,149,148,147,146,145}$Eu, $^{nat}$Sm(p,x)$^{153,145}$Sm, $^{nat}$Sm(p,x)$^{151,150,149,148g,148m,146,144,143}$Pm and $^{nat}$Sm(p,x)$^{141}$Nd up to 65 MeV. The cross sections were measured via activation method by using a stacked-foil irradiation technique and high resolution gamma ray spectroscopy. The results were compared with results of the nuclear reaction codes ALICE, EMPIRE and TALYS (results taken from TENDL libraries). Integral yields of t…
The neutron-unbound nucleus 13Be was populated with a nucleon-exchange reaction from a 71 MeV/u secondary 13B beam. The decay energy spectrum was reconstructed using invariant mass spectroscopy based on 12Be fragments in coincidence with neutrons. The data could be described with an s-wave resonance at E = 0.73(9) MeV with a width of Gamma = 1.98(34) MeV and a d-wave resonance at E = 2.56(13) MeV with a width of Gamma = 2.29(73) MeV. The observed spectral shape is consistent with previous one-proton removal reaction measurements from 14B.
Activation cross-sections data of longer-lived products of proton induced nuclear reactions on dysprosium were extended up to 65 MeV by using stacked foil irradiation and gamma spectrometry experimental methods. Experimental cross-sections data for the formation of the radionuclides $^{159}$Dy, $^{157}$Dy, $^{155}$Dy, $^{161}$Tb, $^{160}$Tb, $^{156}$Tb, $^{155}$Tb, $^{154m2}$Tb, $^{154m1}$Tb, $^{154g}$Tb, $^{153}$Tb, $^{152}$Tb and $^{151}$Tb are reported in the 36-65 MeV energy range, and compared with an old dataset from 1964. The experimental data were also compared with the results of cros…
Search for direct reaction products in 197Au+ 20Ne from 108 to 171 MeV projectile energy
Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University（西多-坎霍-比尔沙大学）；Diamond Harbour Women’s University（钻石港湾女子大学）；Rani Rashmoni Green University（拉妮·拉什莫尼绿色大学）；Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre（变能回旋加速器中心）；Homi Bhabha National Institute（霍米·巴巴国立研究所）
The energy range of our earlier measured activation cross-sections data of longer-lived products of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on indium were extended from 40 MeV up to 50 MeV. The traditional stacked foil irradiation technique and non-destructive gamma spectrometry were used. No experimental data were found in literature for this higher energy range. Experimental cross-sections for the formation of the radionuclides $^{113,110}$Sn, $^{116m,115m,114m,113m,111,110g,109}$In and $^{115}$Cd are reported in the 37-50 MeV energy range, for production of $^{110}$Sn and $^{110g,109}$In these a…
$^{1}S_{0}$ \textit{nn}-scattering length has been measured in the \textit{nd}-breakup reaction at 60 MeV. The experiment was performed in the final state interaction geometry with registration of all three secondary particles. The scattering length $a_{nn} = -16.3 \pm 0.5$~fm was obtained from a comparison of the experimental dependence of the \textit{nd}-breakup yield on the relative energy of \textit{nn}-pair with the simulation results. An analysis of this value of scattering length together with the data obtained in other experiments on \textit{nd}- and \textit{dd}-breakup confirms the hy…
The bremsstrahlung flux-averaged cross-sections $\langle{σ(E_{\rm{γmax}})}\rangle$ and the cross-sections per equivalent photon $\langle{σ(E_{\rm{γmax}})_{\rm{Q}}}\rangle$ were first measured for the photonuclear multichannel reaction ${^{27}\!\rm{Al}}(γ,\textit{x})^{22}\rm{Na}$ at end-point bremsstrahlung gamma energies ranging from 35 MeV to 95 MeV. The experiments were performed with the beam from the NSC KIPT electron linear accelerator LUE-40 with the use of the $γ$-activation technique. The bremsstrahlung quantum flux was calculated with the program GEANT4.9.2 and, in addition, was monit…
Experimental excitation functions for proton induced reactions on natural vanadium in the 37-65 MeV energy range were measured with the activation method using a stacked foil irradiation technique. By using high resolution gamma spectrometry cross-section data for the production of $^{51,48}$Cr, $^{48}$V, $^{48,47,46,44m,44g,43}$Sc and $^{43,42}$K were determined. Comparisons with the earlier published data are presented and results predicted by different theoretical codes (EMPIRE and TALYS) are included. Thick target yields were calculated from a fit to our experimental excitation curves and …
Experiments to determine the yields and bremsstrahlung flux-averaged cross-sections <$σ(E_{γmax})$> of photonuclear reactions on the natural Mo targets were performed on the beam from the NSC KIPT electron linear accelerator LUE-40 with the use of the $γ$-activation technique. The bremsstrahlung end-point energies were in the range $E_{γmax}$ = 35...80 MeV. The bremsstrahlung quantum flux was calculated with the program GEANT4.9.2 and, in addition, was monitored using the $^{100}$Mo$(γ,n)^{99}$Mo reaction. Calculations of the yields and average cross-sections <$σ(E_{γmax})$> for photonuclear r…
Photonuclear reactions on stable isotopes of cadmium and tellurium at bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 10-23 MeV
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research（联合核研究所）；Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan（乌兹别克斯坦共和国科学院核物理研究所）；Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University（莫斯科国立大学斯科别尔琴核物理研究所）；Faculty of Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University（莫斯科国立大学物理系）；Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research（联合核研究所博戈留博夫理论物理实验室）；Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research（联合核研究所杰列波夫核问题实验室）；Institute of Nuclear Physics, Almaty（阿拉木图核物理研究所）
