We study the Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction of the Lovelock-Cartan theory in five-dimensional spacetime, with a compact dimension of $S^1$ topology. We find cosmological solutions of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker class in the reduced spacetime. The torsion and the fields arising from the dimensional reduction induce a nonvanishing energy-momentum tensor in four dimensions. We find solutions describing expanding, contracting and bouncing universes. The model shows a dynamical compactification of the extra dimension in some regions of the parameter space.
A Palatini-type action for Einstein and Gauss-Bonnet gravity with non-trivial torsion is proposed. Three-form flux is incorporated via a deformation of the Riemann tensor, and consistency of the Palatini variational principle requires the flux to be covariantly constant and to satisfy a Jacobi identity. Studying gravity actions of third order in the curvature leads to a conjecture about general Palatini-Lovelock-Cartan gravity. We point out potential relations to string-theoretic Bianchi identities and, using the Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket, derive a set of Bianchi identities for the non-geomet…
We show that the four-dimensional Lovelock-Cartan action can be derived from a massless gauge theory for the $SO(1,3)$ group with an additional BRST trivial part. The model is originally composed by a topological sector and a BRST exact piece and has no explicit dependence on the metric, the vierbein or a mass parameter. The vierbein is introduced together with a mass parameter through some BRST trivial constraints. The effect of the constraints is to identify the vierbein with some of the additional fields, transforming the original action into the Lovelock-Cartan one. In this scenario, the m…
We study Kaluza-Klein reduction in Newton-Cartan gravity. In particular we show that dimensional reduction and the nonrelativistic limit commute. The resulting theory contains Galilean electromagnetism and a nonrelativistic scalar. It provides the first example of back-reacted couplings of scalar and vector matter to Newton-Cartan gravity. This back-reaction is interesting as it sources the spatial Ricci curvature, providing an example where nonrelativistic gravity is more than just a Newtonian potential.
We study the classical second law of black hole thermodynamics, for Lovelock theories (other than General Relativity), in arbitrary dimensions. Using the standard formula for black hole entropy, we construct scenarios involving the merger of two black holes in which the entropy instantaneously decreases. Our construction involves a Kaluza-Klein compactification down to a dimension in which one of the Lovelock terms is topological. We discuss some open issues in the definition of the second law which might be used to compensate this entropy decrease.
We demonstrate how, for an arbitrary number of dimensions, the Galileon actions and their covariant generalizations can be obtained through a standard Kaluza-Klein compactification of higher-dimensional Lovelock gravity. In this setup, the dilaton takes on the role of the Galileon. In addition, such compactifications uncover other more general Galilean actions, producing purely second-order equations in the weak-field limit, now both for the Galileon and the metric perturbations.
Lovelock gravity in $D$-dimensional space-times is considered adopting Cartan's structure equations. In this context, we find out exact solutions in cosmological and spherically symmetric backgrounds. In the latter case, we also derive horizons and the corresponding Bekenstein--Hawking entropies. Moreover, we focus on the topological Chern--Simons theory, providing exact solutions in 5 dimensions. Specifically, it is possible to show that Anti-de Sitter invariant Chern--Simons gravity can be framed within Lovelock--Zumino gravity in 5 dimensions, for particular choices of Lovelock parameters.
We present two families of exterior differential systems (EDS) for causal embeddings of orthonormal frame bundles over Riemannian spaces of dimension q = 2,3,4,5.. into orthonormal frame bundles over flat spaces of higher dimension. We calculate Cartan characters showing that these EDS are dynamical field theories. The first family includes a new non-isometric embedding EDS for classical Einstein vacuum relativity (q = 4). The second, generated only by 2-forms, is a family of classical "stringy" or Kaluza-type (q = 5) integrable systems. Cartan forms are found for all these dynamical systems.
We reformulate the recently proposed regularized version of Lovelock gravity in four dimensions as a scalar-tensor theory. By promoting the warp factor of the internal space to a scalar degree of freedom by means of Kaluza-Klein reduction, we show that regularized Lovelock gravity can be described effectively by a certain subclass of the Horndeski theory. Cosmological aspects of this particular scalar-tensor theory are studied. It is found that the background with a scalar charge is generically allowed. The consequences of this scalar charge are briefly discussed.
We consider the third order Lovelock equations without the cosmological constant term in an empty $n(\geq 8)$-dimensional Kaluza-Klein spacetime $\mathcal{M}^{4}\times \mathcal{K}^{n-4}$, where $\mathcal{K}^{n-4}$ is a constant curvature space. We show that the emptiness of the higher-dimensional spacetime imposes a constraint on the metric function(s) of 4-dimensional spacetime $\mathcal{M}^{4}$. We consider the effects of this constraint equation in the context of black hole physics, and find a black hole solution in 4 dimensions in the absence of matter field and the cosmological constant (…
In this paper, we obtain the lower-dimensional limits $(p=2,3,4,5,6)$ of cubic Lovelock gravity through a regularized Kaluza-Klein reduction. By taking a flat internal space for simplicity, we also study the static black hole solutions in the resulting theories. We show that the solutions match with the ones obtained from the "naive limit" of $D$-dimensional equation for the metric function, which is obtained by first scaling the relevant couplings by a factor of $\frac{1}{D-p}$ and then taking the limit $D\to p$, with one important exception: In 4D, one obtains the expected solution only for …
In previous paper, we present an SO(3) Wu-Yang-like Kaluza-Klein dyon so- lution satisfies the Einstein equation in the seven-dimensional spacetimes. In this note, we will show an alternative approach using an orthonormal frame, the Cartan's structure equations, and calculating the affine spin connection one-form,curvature tensor and Ricci tensor. The results from these two different methods are coincident.
A modification of Kaluza-Klein theory is proposed in which, as a result of a symmetry breaking, five-dimensional space-time is partially parallelized implying the appearance of torsion fields. A naturally chosen action functional leads to the Einstein-Cartan-Maxwell theory where the electromagnetic field strength is represented by the fifth component of the torsion 2-form. Incorporation of a scalar field reveals that four-dimensional space-time torsion is not induced by the scalar field.
Here we consider a variant of the 5 dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory within the framework of Einstein-Cartan formalism that includes torsion. By imposing a set of constraints on torsion and Ricci rotation coefficients, we show that the torsion components are completely expressed in terms of the metric. Moreover, the Ricci tensor in 5D corresponds exactly to what one would obtain from torsion-free general relativity on a 4D hypersurface. The contributions of the scalar and vector fields of the standard K-K theory to the Ricci tensor and the affine connections are completely nullified by the cont…
We consider an internal space of two discrete points in the fifth dimension of the Kaluza-Klein theory by using the formalism of noncommutative geometry developed in a previous paper \cite{VIWA} of a spacetime supplemented by two discrete points. With the nonvanishing internal torsion 2-form there are no constraints implied on the vielbeins. The theory contains a pair of tensor, a pair of vector and a pair of scalar fields. Using the generalized Cartan structure equation we are able not only to determine uniquely the hermitian and metric compatible connection 1-forms, but also the nonvanishing…
We obtain a dynamical formulation of two-dimensional gravity from a non-Einsteinian phase in higher dimensions $(D=3+2n)$. The formalism is associated with (at least) one extra dimension of vanishing proper length, thus being inequivalent to either a Kaluza-Klein compactification or the Mann-Ross dimensional reduction defined upon a singular limit. The emergent solutions admit any arbitrary curvature in contrast with Jackiw-Teitelboim constant curvature gravity. We present the static and homogeneous solutions as explicit examples. The effective field equations are shown to remain unaffected by…
We study the extensions of teleparallism in the Kaluza-Klein (KK) scenario by writing the analogous form to the torsion scalar $T_{\text{NGR}}$ in terms of the corresponding antisymmetric tensors, given by $T_{\text{NGR}} = a\,T_{ijk} \, T^{ijk} + b\,T_{ijk} \,T^{kji} + c\,T^{j}{}_{ji} \, T^{k}{}_{k}{}^{i}$, in the four-dimensional New General Relativity (NGR) with arbitrary coefficients $a$, $b$ and $c$. After the KK dimensional reduction, the Lagrangian in the Einstein-frame can be realized by taking $2a+b+c=0$ with the ghost-free condition $c\leq0$ for the one-parameter family of teleparall…
We discuss a particular higher order gravity theory, Lovelock theory, that generalises in higher dimensions, general relativity. After briefly motivating modifications of gravity, we will introduce the theory in question and we will argue that it is a unique, mathematically sensible, and physically interesting extension of general relativity. We will see, by using the formalism of differential forms, the relation of Lovelock gravity to differential geometry and topology of even dimensional manifolds. We will then discuss a generic staticity theorem, which will give us the charged static black …
We show that the ghost-free models of massive gravity and their multi-graviton extensions follow from considering higher dimensional General Relativity in Einstein-Cartan form on a discrete extra dimension, according to the Dimensional Deconstruction paradigm. We show that Dimensional Deconstruction is equivalent to a truncation of the Kaluza-Klein tower at the nonlinear level. Higher dimensional gravity is not recovered from a lower dimensional multi-graviton theory in the limit of a continuous extra dimension (infinite Kaluza-Klein tower) due to the appearance of a low strong coupling scale …
The geometrization of the Electro-Weak Model is achieved in a 5-dimensional Riemann-Cartan framework. Matter spinorial fields are extended to 5 dimensions by the choice of a proper dependence on the extra-coordinate and of a normalization factor. U(1) weak hyper-charge gauge fields are obtained from a Kaluza-Klein scheme, while the tetradic projections of the extra-dimensional contortion fields are interpreted as SU(2) weak isospin gauge fields. SU(2) generators are derived by the identification of the weak isospin current to the extra-dimensional current term in the Lagrangian density of the …
Definitions of non-relativistic conformal transformations are considered both in the Newton-Cartan and in the Kaluza-Klein-type Eisenhart/Bargmann geometrical frameworks. The symmetry groups that come into play are exemplified by the cosmological, and also the Newton-Hooke solutions of Newton's gravitational field equations. It is shown, in particular, that the maximal symmetry group of the standard cosmological model is isomorphic to the 13-dimensional conformal-Newton-Cartan group whose conformal-Bargmann extension is explicitly worked out. Attention is drawn to the appearance of independent…
We consider a general Kaluza-Klein reduction of a truncated Lovelock theory. We find necessary geometric conditions for the reduction to be consistent. The resulting lower-dimensional theory is a higher derivative scalar-tensor theory, depends on a single real parameter and yields second-order field equations. Due to the presence of higher-derivative terms, the theory has multiple applications in modifications of Einstein gravity (Galileon/Horndesky theory) and holography (Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theories). We find and analyze charged black hole solutions with planar or curved horizons, both …
