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arXiv 1609.08558astro-ph.IMastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRphysics.ins-detphysics.space-ph
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太阳耀斑用Gamma-Ray成像仪/偏振仪(GRIPS)仪器的首次飞行

First flight of the Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) instrument

Nicole Duncan, P. Saint-Hilaire, A. Y. Shih, G. J. Hurford, H. M. Bain, M. Amman, B. A. Mochizuki, J. Hoberman, J. Olson, B. A. Maruca, N. M. Godbole, D. M. Smi… 展开作者

Nicole Duncan, P. Saint-Hilaire, A. Y. Shih, G. J. Hurford, H. M. Bain, M. Amman, B. A. Mochizuki, J. Hoberman, J. Olson, B. A. Maruca, N. M. Godbole, D. M. Smith, J. Sample, N. A. Kelley, A. Zoglauer, A. Caspi, P. Kaufmann, S. Boggs, R. P. Lin

摘要:

太阳耀斑伽马射线成像仪/偏振计(GRIPS)是一个球载望远镜,旨在研究太阳耀斑粒子加速和传输。我们描述了GRIPS在2016年1月的首次南极长时间飞行,并报告了初步校准和科学结果。电子和离子动力学、粒子丰度和太阳耀斑中的周围等离子体条件可以通过用增强成像、光谱学和偏振测量法检查硬X射线和伽马射线发射(20千电子伏至10兆电子伏)来了解。GRIPS是专门设计来回答问题,包括:是什么原因导致高能电子产生HXR和高能离子产生伽马射线线之间的空间分离?相对论性电子的各向异性有多大?为什么它们能在日冕中占主导地位?被加速的物质和周围物质的成分是如何随空间和时间变化的,为什么?GRIPS对Ramaty高能太阳光谱成像仪(RHESSI)的关键技术改进包括3D位置敏感锗探测器(3D-GeDs)和单栅多间距旋转调制器(MPRM)准直器。3D-GeD具有几百keV的光谱FWHM分辨率和1 mm $^3$的空间分辨率$<$。对于康普顿散射的光子,通常为$\gtrsim$ 150 keV,可以跟踪能量沉积位点,提供偏振测量以及增强的背景减少。MPRM单网格设计提供两倍于RHESSI等双网格成像系统的吞吐量。网格由2.5 cm厚的W/Cu板条组成,具有1-13 mm可变狭缝间距,实现了12.5-162 arcsec的准连续FWHM角覆盖。该分辨率能够对各种耀斑尺寸的单独磁环足点发射成像。(来源编辑)

英文摘要:

The Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to study solar-flare particle acceleration and transport. We describe GRIPS's first Antarctic long-duration flight in Jan 2016 and report preliminary calibration and science results. Electron and ion dynamics, particle abundances and the ambient plasma conditions in solar flares can be understood by examining hard X-ray (HXR) and gamma-ray emission (20 keV to 10 MeV) with enhanced imaging, spectroscopy and polarimetry. GRIPS is specifically designed to answer questions including: What causes the spatial separation between energetic electrons producing HXRs and energetic ions producing gamma-ray lines? How anisotropic are the relativistic electrons, and why can they dominate in the corona? How do the compositions of accelerated and ambient material vary with space and time, and why? GRIPS's key technological improvements over the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) include 3D position-sensitive germanium detectors (3D-GeDs) and a single-grid, multi-pitch rotating modulator (MPRM) collimator. The 3D-GeDs have spectral FWHM resolution of a few hundred keV and spatial resolution $<$1 mm$^3$. For photons that Compton scatter, usually $\gtrsim$150 keV, the energy deposition sites can be tracked, providing polarization measurements as well as enhanced background reduction. The MPRM single-grid design provides twice the throughput of a bi-grid imaging system like RHESSI. The grid is composed of 2.5 cm thick W/Cu slats with 1-13 mm variable slit pitch, achieving quasi-continuous FWHM angular coverage over 12.5-162 arcsecs. This resolution is capable of imaging the separate magnetic loop footpoint emissions in a variety of flare sizes. (Abstract edited down from source.)

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