无约束粉尘爆炸的机理：湍流聚团和辐射诱发点火
Mechanism of unconfined dust explosions: turbulent clustering and radiation-induced ignition
摘要：
众所周知，无约束粉尘爆炸通常以相对较弱的一次火焰开始，随后是严重的二次爆炸。我们表明，在一个温度分层的湍流提前的主火焰的尘埃粒子的聚类可能会引起一个显着增加的辐射穿透长度。这些颗粒团，即使在火焰的前面很远，也被火焰的辐射充分暴露和加热，成为能够点燃大量燃料-空气混合物的点火核。这有效地增加了总火焰表面积和有效燃烧速度，有效燃烧速度定义为给定体积的反应物消耗速率。我们表明，这种机制解释了高的燃烧率和超压所需的考虑到观察到的水平的损害，在开放的粉尘爆炸，例如，在2005年邦斯菲尔德蒸汽云爆炸中丧生由于粒子的湍流聚集而导致的辐射透明度的强烈增加的效果超出了应用于尘埃爆炸的最新技术水平，并且在大气物理学和天体物理学中具有许多含义。
英文摘要：
It is known that unconfined dust explosions typically starts off with a relatively weak primary flame followed by a severe secondary explosion. We show that clustering of dust particles in a temperature stratified turbulent flow ahead of the primary flame may give rise to a significant increase in the radiation penetration length. These particle clusters, even far ahead of the flame, are sufficiently exposed and heated by the radiation from the flame to become ignition kernels capable to ignite a large volume of fuel-air mixtures. This efficiently increases the total flame surface area and the effective combustion speed, defined as the rate of reactant consumption of a given volume. We show that this mechanism explains the high rate of combustion and overpressures required to account for the observed level of damage in unconfined dust explosions, e.g., at the 2005 Buncefield vapor-cloud explosion. The effect of the strong increase of radiation transparency due to turbulent clustering of particles goes beyond the state-of-the-art of the application to dust explosions and has many implications in atmospheric physics and astrophysics.
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