HEPS-TF中NRS实验的纳秒时间分辨APD探测器系统的实现
Implementation of A Nanosecond Time-resolved APD Detector System for NRS Experiment in HEPS-TF
摘要：
本文介绍了一种用于高能光子源实验装置（HEPS-TF）核共振散射（NRS）实验的纳秒时间分辨APD探测器系统。探测器系统由APD传感器、快速前置放大器和TDC读出电路三部分组成。为了提高接收立体角和量子效率，C30703 FH APD（由Excelitas制造）被用作探测器的传感器。C30703 FH的有效感光面积为10 × 10 mm 2，吸收层厚度为110 μm。设计了增益为59 dB、带宽为2 GHz的快速读出电路，用于读出C30703跳频APD输出的微弱信号。探测器系统可以工作在单光子测量模式，因为双光子晶体增加了信噪比。该TDC采用FPGA多相法实现，分辨率为1 ns。两个启动触发之间的所有散射事件的到达时间可以由FPGA TDC记录。在14.4keV的X射线能量下，所研制的探测器（APD传感器+快速放大器）的时间分辨率（FWHM）为0.86ns，整个探测器系统（APD传感器+快速放大器+ TDC读出电路）的时间分辨率为1.4ns。
英文摘要：
A nanosecond time-resolved APD detector system is implemented for Nuclear Resonance Scattering (NRS) experiments in High Energy Photon Source-Test Facility (HEPS-TF) project of China. The detector system consists of three parts: the APD sensors, the fast preamplifiers and the TDC readout electronics. To improve the reception solid angle and the quantum efficiency, the C30703FH APDs (fabricated by Excelitas) are used as the sensors of the detectors. The C30703FH has an effective light-sensitive area of 10X10 mm2 and an absorption layer thickness of 110 μm. The fast preamplifier with gain of 59 dB and bandwidth of 2 GHz is designed to readout the weak signal outputted by the C30703FH APD. The detector system can work in single photon measurement mode because the preamplifier increases the signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the TDC is realized by FPGA multiphase method with a resolution bin of 1ns. The arrival time of all scattering events between two start triggers can be recorded by the FPGA TDC. In the X-ray energy of 14.4 keV, the time resolution (FWHM) of the developed detector (APD sensor + fast amplifier) is 0.86 ns, and the whole detector system (APD sensors + fast amplifiers + TDC readout electronics) achieves a time resolution of 1.4 ns.
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