从远距离观测和模拟推断行星际尘埃的性质
Inferring the interplanetary dust properties from remote observations and simulations
摘要：
由于现场研究和行星际尘埃收集只能提供空间有限的关于行星际尘埃性质的信息，因此完成这些研究具有重要意义，这些研究的性质是从散射和发射光的远程观测中推断出来的，并通过模拟进行解释。近黄道对称面上行星际尘埃的物理性质，如局部偏振、温度和成分，以及它们的日心变化，可以从散射光和发射光观测中得到，从而为粒子源的各自贡献提供线索。由球形颗粒及其聚集体构成的固体颗粒云的光散射模型用于解释局部光散射数据。相同粒子的平衡温度使我们能够解释温度日心变化。对于硅酸盐和吸收性更强的有机物（质量分数为$\approx$ 40%）的混合物，以及0.2 ~ 200 μ m尺度范围内的行星际尘埃典型的真实尺度分布，在距太阳1.5~AU附近，获得了局部偏振相位曲线$P_α$的良好拟合。彗星起源的尘埃颗粒的贡献至少是质量的20%。粒子的相同尺寸分布给出了太阳距离$R$，与典型的黑体行为不同，$R$依赖于$R^{-0.45}$中的温度。$P_{α=90°}$的日心依赖性被解释为固体有机物（如HCN聚合物或无定形碳）向太阳逐渐消失。
英文摘要：
Since in situ studies and interplanetary dust collections only provide a spatially limited amount of information about the interplanetary dust properties, it is of major importance to complete these studies with properties inferred from remote observations of light scattered and emitted, with interpretation through simulations. Physical properties of the interplanetary dust in the near-ecliptic symmetry surface, such as the local polarization, temperature and composition, together with their heliocentric variations, may be derived from scattered and emitted light observations, giving clues to the respective contribution of the particles sources. A model of light scattering by a cloud of solid particles constituted by spheroidal grains and aggregates thereof is used to interpret the local light scattering data. Equilibrium temperature of the same particles allows us to interpret the temperature heliocentric variations. A good fit of the local polarization phase curve, $P_α$, near 1.5~AU from the Sun is obtained for a mixture of silicates and more absorbing organics material ($\approx$40 % in mass) and for a realistic size distribution typical of the interplanetary dust in the 0.2 to 200 micrometre size range. The contribution of dust particles of cometary origin is at least 20% in mass. The same size distribution of particles gives a solar distance, $R$, dependence of the temperature in $R^{-0.45}$ different than the typical black body behavior. The heliocentric dependence of $P_{α=90°}$ is interpreted as a progressive disappearance of solid organics (such as HCN polymers or amorphous carbon) towards the Sun.
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