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arXiv 1609.04413astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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超新星1987 A 10000天喷出物的三维分布

Three-dimensional distribution of ejecta in Supernova 1987A at 10 000 days

J. Larsson, C. Fransson, J. Spyromilio, B. Leibundgut, P. Challis, R. A. Chevalier, K. France, A. Jerkstrand, R. P. Kirshner, P. Lundqvist, M. Matsuura, R. McCr… 展开作者

J. Larsson, C. Fransson, J. Spyromilio, B. Leibundgut, P. Challis, R. A. Chevalier, K. France, A. Jerkstrand, R. P. Kirshner, P. Lundqvist, M. Matsuura, R. McCray, N. Smith, J. Sollerman, P. Garnavich, K. Heng, S. Lawrence, S. Mattila, K. Migotto, G. Sonneborn, F. Taddia, J. C. Wheeler

摘要:

由于距离很近,SN 1987 A提供了一个独特的机会,可以直接观察恒星爆炸的几何形状。在这里,我们介绍了SN 1987 A在爆炸后约10,000天使用HST/STIS和VLT/SINFONI在光学和近红外波长下获得的光谱和成像观测。这些观测使我们能够产生迄今为止最详细的H-α 3D图,[Ca II] λλ7292,7324,[O I] λλ6300,6364和Mg II λλ9218,9244的第一个3D图,以及[Si I]+[Fe II] 1.644 μm和He I 2.058 μm的新图。与以前的观测结果比较表明,[Si I]+[Fe II]通量和形态在过去十年中没有显着变化,提供了证据表明它是由44 Ti提供动力的。H-alpha的时间演化表明,它主要由来自环的X射线提供动力,这与以前的发现一致。所有有足够信号的线都显示出类似的大尺度3D结构,南北不对称,类似于破碎的偶极子。这种结构与早期对不对称性的观察有关,表明存在从内核延伸到外壳的全局不对称性。在较小的尺度上,两条最亮的线,H-α和[Si I]+[Fe II] 1.644 μm,显示了约200 - 1000 km/s水平的子结构和它们的3D几何形状的明显差异。我们讨论这些结果的背景下,爆炸模型和喷出物中的灰尘的属性。

英文摘要:

Due to its proximity, SN 1987A offers a unique opportunity to directly observe the geometry of a stellar explosion as it unfolds. Here we present spectral and imaging observations of SN 1987A obtained ~10,000 days after the explosion with HST/STIS and VLT/SINFONI at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. These observations allow us to produce the most detailed 3D map of H-alpha to date, the first 3D maps for [Ca II] λλ7292, 7324, [O I] λλ6300, 6364 and Mg II λλ9218, 9244, as well as new maps for [Si I]+[Fe II] 1.644 μm and He I 2.058 μm. A comparison with previous observations shows that the [Si I]+[Fe II] flux and morphology have not changed significantly during the past ten years, providing evidence that it is powered by 44Ti. The time-evolution of H-alpha shows that it is predominantly powered by X-rays from the ring, in agreement with previous findings. All lines that have sufficient signal show a similar large-scale 3D structure, with a north-south asymmetry that resembles a broken dipole. This structure correlates with early observations of asymmetries, showing that there is a global asymmetry that extends from the inner core to the outer envelope. On smaller scales, the two brightest lines, H-alpha and [Si I]+[Fe II] 1.644 μm, show substructures at the level of ~ 200 - 1000 km/s and clear differences in their 3D geometries. We discuss these results in the context of explosion models and the properties of dust in the ejecta.

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