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arXiv 1609.03342physics.flu-dyn
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剪切流中运动振荡表面扰动的多重共振

Multiple resonances of a moving, oscillating surface disturbance on a shear current

Yan Li, Simen Å. Ellingsen

摘要:

我们考虑沿剪切流自由表面以恒定速度运动的振荡强度扰动所辐射的波,当不受扰动时,剪切流具有$S$量级的均匀水平涡度。当没有海流存在时,这个问题是一个经典问题,并已被广泛研究。在深水中,当$τ=|\boldsymbol{V}|ω_0/g$等于临界值$1/4$($\boldsymbol{V}$:扰动速度,$ω_0$:振荡频率,$g$:重力加速度)时,已知会发生共振。我们表明,次表面剪切流的存在下,可以从根本上改变这种情况。不仅$τ$的共振值强烈地依赖于$\boldsymbol{V}$和电流方向之间的角度以及“剪切弗劳德数”$\mathrm{Frs}=|\boldsymbol{V}|S/g$ ;当$\mathrm{Frs}>1/3$时,多个共振值-和$4$一样多-可以在某些运动方向上出现。当$\mathrm{Frs}$足够大时,最小共振频率趋于零,代表船波的临界速度现象。我们提供了一个详细的分析的色散关系的移动,振荡的干扰,在有限和无限的水深,包括对于后者的情况下,不同的远场波存在于不同部门的波矢量空间在不同的条件下的概述。由于大量的参数,共振的结构的详细讨论提供了无限的深度,分析结果。

英文摘要:

We consider waves radiated by a disturbance of oscillating strength moving at constant velocity along the free surface of a shear flow which, when undisturbed, has uniform horizontal vorticity of magnitude $S$. When no current is present the problem is a classical one and much studied, and in deep water a resonance is known to occur when $τ=|\boldsymbol{V}|ω_0/g$ equals the critical value $1/4$ ($\boldsymbol{V}$: velocity of disturbance, $ω_0$: oscillation frequency, $g$: gravitational acceleration). We show that the presence of the sub-surface shear current can change this picture radically. Not only does the resonant value of $τ$ depend strongly on the angle between $\boldsymbol{V}$ and the current's direction and the "shear-Froude number" $\mathrm{Frs}=|\boldsymbol{V}|S/g$; when $\mathrm{Frs}>1/3$, multiple resonant values --- as many as $4$ --- can occur for some directions of motion. At sufficiently large values of $\mathrm{Frs}$, the smallest resonance frequency tends to zero, representing the phenomenon of critical velocity for ship waves. We provide a detailed analysis of the dispersion relation for the moving, oscillating disturbance, in both finite and infinite water depth, including for the latter case an overview of the different far-field waves which exist in different sectors of wave vector space under different conditions. Owing to the large number of parameters, a detailed discussion of the structure of resonances is provided for infinite depth only, where analytical results are available.

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