成纤维细胞密度梯度存在时螺旋波和涡卷波的不稳定性：成纤维细胞-肌细胞偶联的影响
Instability of spiral and scroll waves in the presence of a gradient in the fibroblast density: the effects of fibroblast-myocyte coupling
摘要：
成纤维细胞-肌细胞偶联可以调节心脏组织中的电波动力学。在患病的心脏中，成纤维细胞的分布是不均匀的，因此成纤维细胞密度（此后我们称之为GFD）可能存在梯度，特别是从高度损伤的区域（如梗塞或缺血区）到组织的创伤较小的区域。已知纤维化心脏易于发生心律失常，因此了解GFD在心脏折返波（如螺旋波或涡卷波）的形成和维持中的作用非常重要。因此，我们调查的影响，GFD的螺旋和涡卷波的电激活的稳定性，在一个国家的最先进的数学模型的心脏组织，其中我们还包括成纤维细胞。通过以受控方式引入GFD，我们表明，螺旋波和涡旋波可以是不稳定的GFD的存在下，因为不同的螺旋或涡旋波频率ω的区域，由GFD诱导。我们研究了成纤维细胞的静息膜电位和附着在肌细胞上的成纤维细胞的数量对这些波的稳定性的影响。最后，我们表明，GFD的存在下，可以导致在高频起搏螺旋波的形成。
英文摘要：
Fibroblast-myocyte coupling can modulate electrical-wave dynamics in cardiac tissue. In diseased hearts, the distribution of fibroblasts is heterogeneous, so there can be gradients in the fibroblast density (henceforth we call this GFD) especially from highly injured regions, like infarcted or ischemic zones, to less-wounded regions of the tissue. Fibrotic hearts are known to be prone to arrhythmias, so it is important to understand the effects of GFD in the formation and sustenance of arrhythmic re- entrant waves, like spiral or scroll waves. Therefore, we investigate the effects of GFD on the stability of spiral and scroll waves of electrical activation in a state-of-the- art mathematical model for cardiac tissue in which we also include fibroblasts. By introducing GFD in controlled ways, we show that spiral and scroll waves can be unstable in the presence of GFDs because of regions with varying spiral or scroll-wave frequency ω, induced by the GFD. We examine the effects of the resting membrane potential of the fibroblast and the number of fibroblasts attached to the myocytes on the stability of these waves. Finally, we show that the presence of GFDs can lead to the formation of spiral waves at high-frequency pacing.
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