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arXiv 1609.01259astro-ph.HE
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太阳风中的电荷交换损失和随机加速

Charge Exchange Losses and Stochastic Acceleration in the Solar Wind

Ciaran Kenny, Peter Duffy

摘要:

粒子在压力平衡条件下的随机加速可以容纳在内日层许多不同条件下观测到的普适$p^{-5}$谱。在这个模型中,为了避免粒子压力的无限增加,粒子的动量扩散和太阳风中的绝热减速之间必须存在关系。这限制了空间和动量扩散系数,并导致在太阳风中存在绝热损失的$p^{-5}$谱。然而,这一理论不能解释这种光谱的存在以外的终止冲击,绝热减速是可以忽略的。为了解释这种明显的差异,我们包括电荷交换损失的影响,导致新形式的空间和动量扩散系数,以前没有被考虑。假设湍流是一个大规模的可压缩的性质,我们发现,动量扩散和损失之间的平衡仍然可以很容易地导致创建$p^{-5}$超热尾,包括那些发现在外部日光层。

英文摘要:

Stochastic acceleration of particles under a pressure balance condition can accommodate the universal $p^{-5}$ spectra observed under many different conditions in the inner heliosphere. In this model, in order to avoid an infinite build up of particle pressure, a relationship between the momentum diffusion of particles and the adiabatic deceleration in the solar wind must exist. This constrains both the spatial and momentum diffusion coefficients and results in the $p^{-5}$ spectrum in the presence of adiabatic losses in the solar wind. However, this theory cannot explain the presence of such spectra beyond the termination shock, where adiabatic deceleration is negligible. To explain this apparent discrepancy, we include the effect of charge exchange losses, resulting in new forms of both the spatial and momentum diffusion coefficients that have not previously been considered. Assuming that the turbulence is of a large-scale compressible nature, we find that a balance between momentum diffusion and losses can still readily lead to the creation of $p^{-5}$ suprathermal tails, including those found in the outer heliosphere.

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