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arXiv 1608.08620astro-ph.EP
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Proxima Centauri b:II的可居住性:环境状态和观测判别式

The Habitability of Proxima Centauri b: II: Environmental States and Observational Discriminants

Victoria S. Meadows, Giada N. Arney, Edward W. Schwieterman, Jacob Lustig-Yaeger, Andrew P. Lincowski, Tyler Robinson, Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman, Rory K. Barnes,… 展开作者

Victoria S. Meadows, Giada N. Arney, Edward W. Schwieterman, Jacob Lustig-Yaeger, Andrew P. Lincowski, Tyler Robinson, Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman, Rory K. Barnes, David P. Fleming, Russell Deitrick, Rodrigo Luger, Peter E. Driscoll, Thomas R. Quinn, David Crisp

摘要:

Proxima Centauri b为了解绕M矮星运行的类地行星的演化和性质提供了前所未有的机会。虽然Proxima Cen b的轨道位于其恒星的宜居带内,但多条看似合理的进化路径可能产生了不同的环境,这些环境可能适合也可能不适合。在这里,我们使用一维耦合气候-光化学模型来生成自洽的大气,用于我们的配套论文中预测的进化情景(Barnes等人,2016)。这些包括高O2,高CO2和更像地球的大气,具有氧化或还原成分。我们表明,这些模拟的环境可以居住或不适合居住在比邻星b的位置在宜居带。我们使用辐射转移模型来生成这些模拟环境的合成光谱和热相位曲线,并使用仪器模型来探索我们区分可能的行星状态的能力。这些结果不仅适用于Proxima Cen b,也适用于其他绕M矮星运行的类地行星。热相位曲线可以提供对大气存在的第一个约束,JWST观测长至7微米可以表征大气热传输和分子组成。JWST不太可能探测到海洋闪烁,但可能在大口径望远镜的范围内。直接成像光谱可以检测O 4,这是大量水分损失和O2保留的诊断,而不是光合作用。同样,在短于2.5 μm的波长处的强CO2和CO波段表明大气中以CO2为主。如果这颗行星适合居住并且挥发物丰富,直接成像将是探测可居住性的最佳手段。具有微生物生物圈的类地行星可以通过CH 4和光合作用产生的O2或烃雾层的存在来识别。

英文摘要:

Proxima Centauri b provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution and nature of terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs. Although Proxima Cen b orbits within its star's habitable zone, multiple plausible evolutionary paths could have generated different environments that may or may not be habitable. Here we use 1D coupled climate-photochemical models to generate self-consistent atmospheres for evolutionary scenarios predicted in our companion paper (Barnes et al., 2016). These include high-O2, high-CO2, and more Earth-like atmospheres, with either oxidizing or reducing compositions. We show that these modeled environments can be habitable or uninhabitable at Proxima Cen b's position in the habitable zone. We use radiative transfer models to generate synthetic spectra and thermal phase curves for these simulated environments, and instrument models to explore our ability to discriminate between possible planetary states. These results are applicable not only to Proxima Cen b, but to other terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs. Thermal phase curves may provide the first constraint on the existence of an atmosphere, and JWST observations longward of 7 microns could characterize atmospheric heat transport and molecular composition. Detection of ocean glint is unlikely with JWST, but may be within the reach of larger aperture telescopes. Direct imaging spectra may detect O4, which is diagnostic of massive water loss and O2 retention, rather than a photosynthesis. Similarly, strong CO2 and CO bands at wavelengths shortward of 2.5 μm would indicate a CO2-dominated atmosphere. If the planet is habitable and volatile-rich, direct imaging will be the best means of detecting habitability. Earth-like planets with microbial biospheres may be identified by the presence of CH4 and either photosynthetically produced O2 or a hydrocarbon haze layer.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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