量子背action规避集体力学模式的测量
Quantum back-action evading measurement of collective mechanical modes
摘要：
标准量子极限限制了振荡器位置测量的精度。它产生于测量的不精确性和量子反作用之间的平衡。然而，仅对振荡器的单个正交的测量可以避免反作用，并且可以以任意精度进行。在这里，我们展示了量子反作用规避测量的集体正交的两个机械振荡器，都耦合到一个共同的微波腔。该工作允许两个机械振子的量子态层析成像，并为超越传统量子极限的宏观力学纠缠和力传感提供了基础。
英文摘要：
The standard quantum limit constrains the precision of an oscillator position measurement. It arises from a balance between the imprecision and the quantum back-action of the measurement. However, a measurement of only a single quadrature of the oscillator can evade the back-action and be made with arbitrary precision. Here we demonstrate quantum back-action evading measurements of a collective quadrature of two mechanical oscillators, both coupled to a common microwave cavity. The work allows for quantum state tomography of two mechanical oscillators, and provides a foundation for macroscopic mechanical entanglement and force sensing beyond conventional quantum limits.
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