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arXiv 1608.03093cond-mat.soft
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类蛋白质模型中的有效刚度和二级结构的形成

Effective stiffness and formation of secondary structures in a protein-like model

Tatjana Skrbic, Trinh X. Hoang, Achille Giacometti

摘要:

我们使用Wang-Landau和复制交换技术来研究增加刚度对蛋白质类系统中二级结构形成的影响。考虑了两种可能的模型。在这两种模型中,聚合物链由拴系珠粒形成,其中非连续的主链珠粒通过代表链折叠趋势的方阱势相互吸引。此外,将较小的硬球沿着垂直于链的方向连接到每个非末端骨架珠,以模拟真实蛋白质中侧链的空间位阻。然而,这两种模型在弯曲刚度的施加方式上有所不同。在第一个模型中,允许连续珠之间的部分重叠。这减小了连续键之间可能的弯曲角度,从而产生与短程吸引力竞争的有效熵刚度,并导致形成蛋白质特有的二级结构。我们讨论了低温相图作为增加互穿的函数,并找到了从平面,β样结构,螺旋形状的过渡。在第二个模型中,一个充满活力的刚度是明确引入施加一个无限大的能量罚款以上的连续键之间的临界角的弯曲,并没有罚款低于it. The低温阶段,该模型没有显示出任何迹象的蛋白质样的二级结构。然而,在中间温度下,链仍然是在线圈构象,但刚度是显着的,我们发现这两个模型来预测一个非常相似的依赖性的持久性长度作为刚度的函数。这种行为是合理的,在两个模型之间的一个简单的几何映射。最后,我们讨论了将侧链收缩为零的影响,发现上述映射仍然成立。

英文摘要:

We use Wang-Landau and replica exchange techniques to study the effect of an increasing stiffness on the formation of secondary structures in protein-like systems. Two possible models are considered. In both models, a polymer chain is formed by tethered beads where non-consecutive backbone beads attract each other via a square-well potential representing the tendency of the chain to fold. In addition, smaller hard spheres are attached to each non-terminal backbone bead along the direction normal to the chain to mimic the steric hindrance of side chains in real proteins. The two models, however, differ in the way bending rigidity is enforced. In the first model, partial overlap between consecutive beads is allowed. This reduces the possible bending angle between consecutive bonds thus producing an effective entropic stiffness that competes with a short-range attraction, and leads to a formation of secondary structures characteristic of proteins. We discuss the low-temperature phase diagram as a function of increasing interpenetration, and find a transition from a planar, beta-like structure, to helical shape. In the second model, an energetic stiffness is explicitly introduced by imposing an infinitely large energy penalty for bending above a critical angle between consecutive bonds, and no penalty below it. The low-temperature phase of this model does not show any sign of protein-like secondary structures. At intermediate temperatures, however, where the chain is still in the coil conformation but stiffness is significant, we find the two models to predict a quite similar dependence of the persistence length as a function of the stiffness. This behaviour is rationalized in terms of a simple geometrical mapping between the two models. Finally, we discuss the effect of shrinking side chains to zero, and find the above mapping to still hold true.

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