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arXiv 1608.03060astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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分子云核中极冷(<8K)气体的质量估算

Mass estimates for very cold (< 8 K) gas in molecular cloud cores

Juergen Steinacker, Hendrik Linz, Henrik Beuther, Thomas Henning, Aurore Bacmann

摘要:

星前核心的质量是理解核心中恒星形成开始的基本要素。冷尘埃的低水平排放可能会使其部分隐藏在观测之外。我们的目标是确定在温度范围< 8 K的核心质量的分数,可以预期典型的低质量和高质量的恒星形成区域。我们计算标准的球对称星前核心内的尘埃温度的网格的密度幂律在外部核心区域,核心群众,并在外部多组分辐射场的变化。尘埃被认为是由无定形硅酸盐和碳,其光学性质的变化进行了讨论。作为衡量核心和团块的分布,我们使用的核心质量函数导出的各种环境。鉴于在非常寒冷的中心区域的高密度,尘埃和气体的温度被假定为相等。我们发现,在典型的低质量和高质量的核心中,温度< 8 K的质量分数<20%。通过在典型的低质量恒星形成环境中放置中等或高质量的核心,可以获得更高比例的非常冷的气体。我们发现,FIR毫米建模非常冷的尘埃排放所产生的质量不确定性小于由于未知的尘埃不透明度的质量不确定性。

英文摘要:

The mass of prestellar cores is an essential ingredient to understand the onset of star formation in the core. The low level of emission from cold dust may keep parts of it hidden from observation. We aim to determine the fraction of core mass in the temperature range < 8 K that can be expected for typical low- and high-mass star formation regions. We calculate the dust temperature within standard spherically symmetric prestellar cores for a grid of density powerlaws in the outer core regions, core masses, and variation in the external multi-component radiation field. The dust is assumed to be composed of amorphous silicate and carbon, and variations of its optical properties are discussed. As measure for the distribution of cores and clumps, we use core mass functions derived for various environments. In view of the high densities in very cold central regions, dust and gas temperatures are assumed to be equal. We find that the fraction of mass with temperatures < 8 K in typical low- and high-mass cores is < 20\%. It is possible to obtain higher fractions of very cold gas by placing intermediate- or high-mass cores in a typical low-mass star formation environment. We show that the mass uncertainty arising from FIR to mm modeling of very cold dust emission is smaller than the mass uncertainty due to the unknown dust opacities.

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