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arXiv 1608.02149astro-ph.IM
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XAO日冕照相图像中的斑点寿命:SPHERE日冕照相图像的时间演化

Speckle lifetime in XAO coronagraphic images: temporal evolution of SPHERE coronagraphic images

J. Milli, T. Banas, D. Mouill, D. Mawet, J. H. Girard, A. Vigan, A. Boccaletti, M. Kasper, Z. Wahhaj, A. -M. Lagrange, J. -L. Beuzit, T. Fusco, J. -F. Sauvage, R. Galicher

摘要:

高对比度成像中噪声的主要来源是不随时间平均的缓慢演变的散斑的存在。因此,点扩散函数(PSF)的时间稳定性对于用极端自适应光学(xAO)仪器达到高对比度至关重要。了解PSF的演变时间尺度和驱动散斑变异的关键参数是什么,可以设计一个最佳的观测策略和数据简化技术,以校准仪器像差,揭示微弱的天体物理源。我们用VLT上的SPHERE(光谱偏振仪高对比度系外行星研究仪器)获得了HR 3484的一系列52分钟、AO校正、日冕遮蔽、高节奏(1.6Hz)、H波段的图像。这是来自xAO仪器的独特数据集,用于研究其在短至1秒和长至数十分钟的时间尺度上的稳定性。我们发现不同的时间制度的去相关。我们发现,残差从大气湍流诱导一个快速的,部分解相关的PSF在几秒钟内,在过渡到一个政权与时间的线性解相关,在每秒百万分之几十(ppm/s)的速率。我们分析了这种去相关的空间依赖性,在良好的校正半径的自适应光学系统,并表明,线性去相关是更快地在短的分离。最后,我们研究了到子午线的距离对去相关的影响。

英文摘要:

The major source of noise in high-contrast imaging is the presence of slowly evolving speckles that do not average with time. The temporal stability of the point-spread-function (PSF) is therefore critical to reach a high contrast with extreme adaptive optics (xAO) instruments. Understanding on which timescales the PSF evolves and what are the critical parameters driving the speckle variability allow to design an optimal observing strategy and data reduction technique to calibrate instrumental aberrations and reveal faint astrophysical sources. We have obtained a series of 52 min, AO-corrected, coronagraphically occulted, high-cadence (1.6Hz), H-band images of the star HR 3484 with the SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimeter High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch instrument on the VLT. This is a unique data set from an xAO instrument to study its stability on timescales as short as one second and as long as several tens of minutes. We find different temporal regimes of decorrelation. We show that residuals from the atmospheric turbulence induce a fast, partial decorrelation of the PSF over a few seconds, before a transition to a regime with a linear decorrelation with time, at a rate of several tens parts per million per second (ppm/s). We analyze the spatial dependence of this decorrelation, within the well-corrected radius of the adaptive optics system and show that the linear decorrelation is faster at short separations. Last, we investigate the influence of the distance to the meridian on the decorrelation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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