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arXiv 1608.01245hep-thquant-ph
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量子电动力学中的类孤子解

Soliton-like solution in quantum electrodynamics

O. D. Skoromnik, I. D. Feranchuk, C. H. Keitel

摘要:

利用自洽场方法得到了量子电动力学中一类新的类孤子解。通过在库仑规范中写出量子电动力学的哈密顿量,我们在正负电子场的密度算符中分离出一个经典分量。然后,通过模拟超导理论的状态矢量,我们最小化系统的能量泛函。这就产生了自洽场方程,其中的解与电子-正电子场的集体激发相联系--类孤子解。此外,变量的正则变换使我们能够分离出系统的总动量,从而找到运动孤子的相对论能量色散关系。

英文摘要:

A novel soliton-like solution in quantum electrodynamics is obtained via a self-consistent field method. By writing the Hamiltonian of quantum electrodynamics in the Coulomb gauge, we separate out a classical component in the density operator of the electron-positron field. Then, by modeling the state vector in analogy with the theory of superconductivity, we minimize the functional for the energy of the system. This results in the equations of the self-consistent field, where the solutions are associated with the collective excitation of the electron-positron field---the soliton-like solution. In addition, the canonical transformation of the variables allowed us to separate out the total momentum of the system and, consequently, to find the relativistic energy dispersion relation for the moving soliton.

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