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arXiv 1607.07540astro-ph.EP
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Kepler-80五行星凌日系统的动力学分析

A Dynamical Analysis of the Kepler-80 System of Five Transiting Planets

Mariah G. MacDonald, Darin Ragozzine, Daniel C. Fabrycky, Eric B. Ford, Matthew J. Holman, Howard T. Isaacson, Jack J. Lissauer, Eric D. Lopez, Tsevi Mazeh, Les… 展开作者

Mariah G. MacDonald, Darin Ragozzine, Daniel C. Fabrycky, Eric B. Ford, Matthew J. Holman, Howard T. Isaacson, Jack J. Lissauer, Eric D. Lopez, Tsevi Mazeh, Leslie Rogers, Jason F. Rowe, Jason H. Steffen, Guillermo Torres

摘要:

开普勒已经发现了数百个具有多个凌日系外行星的系统,这些系统在理解行星系的形成和演化方面具有巨大的潜力。这些系统中的许多系统由多个小行星组成,周期小于50天,被称为具有紧密间隔的内部行星的系统,或STIPs。一个特别有趣的STIP,开普勒-80(KOI-500),包含五个凌日行星:f,d,e,b和c,周期分别为1.0,3.1,4.6,7.1和9.5天。我们提供了过境时间的测量和过境时间变化(TTV)的动态分析。我们发现,TTV不能可靠地检测到这个系统的偏心率,虽然质量估计不受影响。将离心率限制在合理的范围内,我们推断出外层四颗行星(d、e、b和c)的质量分别为$6.75^{+0.69}_{-0.51}$、$4.13^{+0.81}_{-0.95}$、$6.93^{+1.05}_{-0.70}$和$6.74^{+1.23}_{-0.86}$地球质量。相似的质量,但不同的半径与d和e的地球成分和b和c的$\sim$ 2% H/He包线一致。我们确认,外四个行星是在一个罕见的动力学配置与四个相互连接的三体共振振动与几度振幅。我们提出了一个形成模型,可以重现所观察到的配置,从一个多共振链,并引入耗散。总的来说,信息丰富的开普勒-80行星为研究系外行星系统提供了一个重要的视角。

英文摘要:

Kepler has discovered hundreds of systems with multiple transiting exoplanets which hold tremendous potential both individually and collectively for understanding the formation and evolution of planetary systems. Many of these systems consist of multiple small planets with periods less than ~50 days known as Systems with Tightly-spaced Inner Planets, or STIPs. One especially intriguing STIP, Kepler-80 (KOI-500), contains five transiting planets: f, d, e, b, and c with periods of 1.0, 3.1, 4.6, 7.1, 9.5 days, respectively. We provide measurements of transit times and a transit timing variation (TTV) dynamical analysis. We find that TTVs cannot reliably detect eccentricities for this system, though mass estimates are not affected. Restricting the eccentricity to a reasonable range, we infer masses for the outer four planets (d, e, b, and c) to be $6.75^{+0.69}_{-0.51}$, $4.13^{+0.81}_{-0.95}$, $6.93^{+1.05}_{-0.70}$, and $6.74^{+1.23}_{-0.86}$ Earth masses, respectively. The similar masses but different radii are consistent with terrestrial compositions for d and e and $\sim$2% H/He envelopes for b and c. We confirm that the outer four planets are in a rare dynamical configuration with four interconnected three-body resonances that are librating with few degree amplitudes. We present a formation model that can reproduce the observed configuration by starting with a multi-resonant chain and introducing dissipation. Overall, the information-rich Kepler-80 planets provide an important perspective into exoplanetary systems.

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