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arXiv 1607.00909astro-ph.IM
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使用相干去色散实现脉冲星和快速瞬态搜索

Enabling pulsar and fast transient searches using coherent dedispersion

C. G. Bassa, Z. Pleunis, J. W. T. Hessels

摘要:

我们提出了一个实现的相干去色散算法能够去色散高时间分辨率的无线电观测到许多不同的色散措施(DM)。这种方法允许去除星际介质的色散效应,并能够在低观测频率和/或高DM下搜索来自于脉冲星的脉冲发射和其他毫秒持续时间的瞬变,其中,由于色散拖尾而导致的信号的时间展宽会严重降低灵敏度。该实现称为“cdmt”,用于相干色散测量试验,利用通用图形处理单元的并行处理能力来加速计算。我们描述了相干去色散算法,并详细介绍了cdmt如何实现该算法,以有效地计算许多相干DM试验。我们提出了一个半相干解色散搜索的概念,其中相干解色散试验在粗分离的DM随后在DM中的更精细的步骤非相干解色散。该软件被用于正在进行的LOFAR试点调查,以测试在135 MHz的毫秒雷达进行半相干去色散搜索的可行性。这项试验性调查导致了一颗射电毫秒脉冲星的发现--这是第一颗低频脉冲星。这是第一次使用相干去色散在DM空间进行如此广泛和全面的搜索,我们认为,未来使用这种方法进行低频脉冲星搜索在科学上是令人信服的,也是可行的。最后,我们比较了cdmt与其他可用的替代品的性能。

英文摘要:

We present an implementation of the coherent dedispersion algorithm capable of dedispersing high-time-resolution radio observations to many different dispersion measures (DMs). This approach allows the removal of the dispersive effects of the interstellar medium and enables searches for pulsed emission from pulsars and other millisecond-duration transients at low observing frequencies and/or high DMs where time broadening of the signal due to dispersive smearing would otherwise severely reduce the sensitivity. The implementation, called 'cdmt', for Coherent Dispersion Measure Trials, exploits the parallel processing capability of general-purpose graphics processing units to accelerate the computations. We describe the coherent dedispersion algorithm and detail how cdmt implements the algorithm to efficiently compute many coherent DM trials. We present the concept of a semi-coherent dedispersion search, where coherently dedispersed trials at coarsely separated DMs are subsequently incoherently dedispersed at finer steps in DM. The software is used in an ongoing LOFAR pilot survey to test the feasibility of performing semi-coherent dedispersion searches for millisecond pulsars at 135MHz. This pilot survey has led to the discovery of a radio millisecond pulsar -- the first at these low frequencies. This is the first time that such a broad and comprehensive search in DM-space has been done using coherent dedispersion, and we argue that future low-frequency pulsar searches using this approach are both scientifically compelling and feasible. Finally, we compare the performance of cdmt with other available alternatives.

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