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arXiv 1607.00865cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.supr-con
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铁基超导体的低能微观模型

Low-energy microscopic models for iron-based superconductors: a review

Rafael M. Fernandes, Andrey V. Chubukov

摘要:

合理的微观模型的发展是必要的,以阐明正常状态和超导性质的铁基超导体。由于这些材料大多是金属,一个好的起点是一个有效的低能模型,捕捉费米能级附近的电子态及其相互作用。然而,与铜酸盐相比,铁基高- $T_{c}$化合物是具有Hubbard和Hund相互作用的多轨道系统,导致相当复杂的10轨道晶格模型。在这里,我们回顾了不同的极小模型,已被提出来揭示这些系统的通用功能。我们首先回顾极小模型定义的轨道基础上,专注于一个特定的子空间的轨道,或仅在频带的基础上,只依赖于费米面的几何形状。前者,虽然提供了重要的定性洞察轨道自由度的作用,不区分高能和低能部门,因此,一般不超过平均场。后者允许人们超越平均场,研究超导序与磁序以及伊辛-伊辛序之间的相互作用。然而,它们不能捕获依赖于轨道的特征,如自发轨道顺序。然后,我们审查最近的建议,一个极小模型,在频带的基础上,但完全纳入轨道组成和对称性的低能量激发。我们讨论了这样一个模型的重整化群研究的结果,特别是超导性,磁性和自发轨道秩序之间的相互作用,并比较理论预测与实验上的铁pnictides和硫属化物。我们还讨论了低能量模型的滑翔面对称性的影响,突出了自旋轨道耦合所发挥的关键作用。

英文摘要:

The development of sensible microscopic models is essential to elucidate the normal-state and superconducting properties of the iron-based superconductors. Because these materials are mostly metallic, a good starting point is an effective low-energy model that captures the electronic states near the Fermi level and their interactions. However, in contrast to cuprates, iron-based high-$T_{c}$ compounds are multi-orbital systems with Hubbard and Hund interactions, resulting in a rather involved 10-orbital lattice model. Here we review different minimal models that have been proposed to unveil the universal features of these systems. We first review minimal models defined solely in the orbital basis, which focus on a particular subspace of orbitals, or solely in the band basis, which rely only on the geometry of the Fermi surface. The former, while providing important qualitative insight into the role of the orbital degrees of freedom, do not distinguish between high-energy and low-energy sectors and, for this reason, generally do not go beyond mean-field. The latter allow one to go beyond mean-field and investigate the interplay between superconducting and magnetic orders as well as Ising-nematic order. However, they cannot capture orbital-dependent features like spontaneous orbital order. We then review recent proposals for a minimal model that operates in the band basis but fully incorporates the orbital composition and symmetries of the low-energy excitations. We discuss the results of the renormalization group study of such a model, particularly of the interplay between superconductivity, magnetism, and spontaneous orbital order, and compare theoretical predictions with experiments on iron pnictides and chalcogenides. We also discuss the impact of the glide-plane symmetry on the low-energy models, highlighting the key role played by the spin-orbit coupling.

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