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arXiv 1606.06016physics.atom-phcond-mat.quant-gasquant-ph
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时变电场中里德伯原子间Förster共振的线型和时间动力学

Line shapes and time dynamics of the Förster resonances between two Rydberg atoms in a time-varying electric field

E. A. Yakshina, D. B. Tretyakov, I. I. Beterov, V. M. Entin, C. Andreeva, A. Cinins, A. Markovski, Z. Iftikhar, A. Ekers, I. I. Ryabtsev

备注：
16 pages, 8 figures
发表信息：
Phys. Rev. A 94, 043417 (2016)
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摘要：

观察窄带连续波激光辐射激发的里德伯原子间的斯塔克调谐Förster共振需要使用斯塔克开关技术，以便首先在固定的电场中激发原子，然后在变化的电场中诱导相互作用，该电场在Förster共振上扫描。在我们用几个冷Rb里德伯原子进行的实验中，我们发现电脉冲边缘的瞬态强烈地影响福斯特共振的线形，因为共振处的布居转移发生在$\sim$ 100 ns的时间尺度上，这与瞬态的持续时间相当。例如，在某个频率下的短期振铃会导致额外的射频辅助Förster共振，而非尖锐边缘会导致不对称。射频场的有意应用诱导集体状态之间的转换，其线的形状取决于相互作用的强度和时间。在单个相互作用体积中原子位置的空间平均产生了福斯特共振的尖线形。本文对两个铷里德伯原子在时变电场中相互作用的斯塔克调谐Förster共振${\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )+{\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )\to {\rm Rb}(nS_{1/2} )+{\rm Rb}([n+1]S_{1/2} )$的线形和时间动力学进行了详细的实验和理论分析。

英文摘要：

The observation of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances between Rydberg atoms excited by narrowband cw laser radiation requires usage of a Stark-switching technique in order to excite the atoms first in a fixed electric field and then to induce the interactions in a varied electric field, which is scanned across the Förster resonance. In our experiments with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms we have found that the transients at the edges of the electric pulses strongly affect the line shapes of the Förster resonances, since the population transfer at the resonances occurs on a time scale of $\sim$100 ns, which is comparable with the duration of the transients. For example, a short-term ringing at a certain frequency causes additional radio-frequency-assisted Förster resonances, while non-sharp edges lead to asymmetry. The intentional application of the radio-frequency field induces transitions between collective states, whose line shape depends on the interaction strengths and time. Spatial averaging over the atom positions in a single interaction volume yields a cusped line shape of the Förster resonance. We present a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the line shape and time dynamics of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances ${\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )+{\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )\to {\rm Rb}(nS_{1/2} )+{\rm Rb}([n+1]S_{1/2} )$ for two Rb Rydberg atoms interacting in a time-varying electric field.

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